High-Efficiency fullerene-free organic solar cell based on P3HT: P(NDI2OD-T2) co-polymers through integrated molecular and interfacial engineering​

Liyakath, Reshma; Santhakumar, Kannappan

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2017.08.088

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Acceptor , the HOMO of the donor ( ) E HOMO Donor , and energy losses (E loss ), as given by the following empirical relation [44][45][46]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small Energy Loss and Broad Energy Levels Offsets Lead to Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells from a Blend of Two Fullerene‐Free Small Molecules as Electron Acceptors

Wang

2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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the new polymer PE2 and PE63 as donor and with Y6 as acceptor, and achieved the better photovoltaic performance. [6,7] PSCs have several advantages, such as their light absorption tunability, mechanical flexibility, roll-to-roll manufacturing capability and so on. However, the PCE of PSCs is still inferior to their inorganic counterparts. One of the most significant factors that hinders their photovoltaic performance is the relatively large energy loss (E loss ) in the open-circuit condition with respect to the energy level offsets between the donor and acceptor, which leads to the low open-circuit voltage (V OC ) value. [8,9] In addition, there are several disadvantages involving exciton dissociation and charge carrier recombination within the photoactive layer which might function to enhance the photovoltaic performance. In parallel, the narrow spectral absorption of fullerene acceptors (e.g., [6,6]-phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and [6,6]-phenyl-C 71 -butyric acid methyl ester (PC 71 BM)) falling in the short-wavelengths region (from 300 to 450 nm) inherently limits the photonic absorption since most of the photon flux occurs in the visible range of the solar spectrum (longer than 450 nm). At the same time, the fullerene derivatives have the disadvantage of having a deep lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level, which limits the energy level offset between the donor and acceptor and leads to small open-circuit voltages (V OC ). [10,11] Fullerene-free electron acceptors that enable adjustable energy levels and broad visible light absorption spectra have been developed and synthesized. For instance, the absorption peak of the fullerene-free acceptor 2,2′-((2Z,2′Z)- (((4,4,9,9-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-4,9-dihydro-sindaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(4-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)thiophene-5,2-diyl)) bis(methanylylidene))bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile (IEICO-4F) is located in the near-infrared region (the absorption peak is at 835 nm), and it has a shallow LUMO energy level (the LUMO energy level is at −4.13 eV) relative to those of PC 71 BM. [12] The new fullerenefree molecule, thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2-2,3-dihydro-1H-ioden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (3TT-FIC) has a longer wavelength absorption window (the absorption peak is located at 810 nm) and a shallower LUMO energy level (the LUMO energy level is at −4.02 eV). [13] Recently, ternary strategies that use either a blend of one donor and two acceptor materials or two donor and one Ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs) are fabricated that consisted of a blend of IEICO-4F and 3TT-FIC as electron acceptors and PBDB-T as an electron donor. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ternary PSCs is increased from 9.9% to 11.22% via the blend of IEICO-4F and 3TT-FIC as electron acceptors (the ratio of IEICO-4F:3TT-FIC is 6:4), which enhances the opencircuit voltage (V OC ) from 0.71 to 0.78 V. The main contribution of the blended acceptor is its broad energy level offset between ...

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“…Acceptor , the HOMO of the donor ( ) E HOMO Donor , and energy losses (E loss ), as given by the following empirical relation [44][45][46]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The V OC values of the binary PSCs were determined by the combined energy level offsets between the LUMO of the acceptor

(E_{normalLUMO}^{normalAcceptor})

, the HOMO of the donor

(E_{normalHOMO}^{normalDonor})

, and energy losses ( E loss ), as given by the following empirical relation

V_{OC} = \frac{E_{LUMO}^{Acceptor} - E_{HOMO}^{Donor}}{e} - \frac{E_{loss}}{e}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Energy Loss and Broad Energy Levels Offsets Lead to Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells from a Blend of Two Fullerene‐Free Small Molecules as Electron Acceptors

Wang

2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The D18-Cl:Y6 binary PSCs exhibit the lowest V OC value of 0.845 V, whereas D18-Cl:BTP-eC9 binary PSCs display the highest V OC value of 0.870 V despite the lowest PCE. The V OC values were determined by the energy level difference, according to the following empirical relation: , E loss is the energy loss, and the energy level offset ( E g ) is defined as the minimal energy level offset between the HOMO of the donor and LUMO of the acceptor. However, the third component material has changed the LUMO of the blend acceptor or HOMO of the blend donor, according to the following empirical relation: , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with Two Structurally Similar Fullerene-Free Acceptors to Redshift Absorption Peaks and Improve Exciton Dissociation

Man

Liu

2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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In this work, Y6 and BTP-eC9 blends are used as a acceptor and D18-Cl as donor to construct ternary PSCs and to boost the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs). Compared with Y6, BTP-eC9 shows a red-shifted absorption peak. As a result, the optimized ternary PSCs show the highest short-circuit current density (J SC ). Compared with Y6, BTP-eC9 shows a shallower LUMO level and paly the role of broaden energy level difference. Thus, the blend acceptor endows a high open-circuit voltage (V OC ) to the ternary PSCs. In addition, the of Y6 and BTP-eC9 blend as acceptors to enhance crystalline and improve surface and bulk morphology of ternary films, which favor the enhancement of charge carrier mobility and suppression of charge carrier recombination. Thus, the blend of two acceptors with similar molecular structures boosts a higher photovoltaic performance than binary PSCs.

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“…The V OC values of ternary PSCs linearly decrease with the increase in P3HT content, and the lowest V OC values are obtained with pristine P3HT as the donor. The V OC values are shown in the following empirical relation , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with Low-Cost P3HT as the Second Donor by the Complementary Absorption Region from Long-Wavelength to Medium-Wavelength Regions Forming Cascaded HOMO and LUMO Energy Levels

Man

Liu

2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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In this work, ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs) were constructed with PTB7-Th as the host donor, O-IDTBR as the acceptor, and P3HT as the third component material. Two binary PSCs showed different advantages. The PTB7-Th-based binary PSCs showed the advantage of high V OC (1.03 V), while P3HT-based binary PSCs showed the advantage of a high fill factor (FF) (69.52%). P3HT can complement the medium-wavelength absorption spectra and allows efficient exciton dissociation due to the cascade’s lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and highest occupied molecular orbital level between P3HT, PTB7-Th, and O-IDTBR. Therefore, the optimized ternary PSCs combine the advantage of two binary PSCs. The optimized ternary PSCs showed higher J SC and FF than PTB7-Th-based binary PSCs and higher V OC than P3HT-based binary PSCs. P3HT can simultaneously enhance the arrangement of the blend donor to enhance crystallization, decrease roughness, and improve charge-carrier kinetic processes. In addition, the optimized ternary PSCs showed better thermal stability than PTB7-Th-based binary PSCs.

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High-Efficiency fullerene-free organic solar cell based on P3HT: P(NDI2OD-T2) co-polymers through integrated molecular and interfacial engineering

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Small Energy Loss and Broad Energy Levels Offsets Lead to Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells from a Blend of Two Fullerene‐Free Small Molecules as Electron Acceptors

Small Energy Loss and Broad Energy Levels Offsets Lead to Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells from a Blend of Two Fullerene‐Free Small Molecules as Electron Acceptors

Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with Two Structurally Similar Fullerene-Free Acceptors to Redshift Absorption Peaks and Improve Exciton Dissociation

Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with Low-Cost P3HT as the Second Donor by the Complementary Absorption Region from Long-Wavelength to Medium-Wavelength Regions Forming Cascaded HOMO and LUMO Energy Levels

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High-Efficiency fullerene-free organic solar cell based on P3HT: P(NDI2OD-T2) co-polymers through integrated molecular and interfacial engineering​

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Small Energy Loss and Broad Energy Levels Offsets Lead to Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells from a Blend of Two Fullerene‐Free Small Molecules as Electron Acceptors

Small Energy Loss and Broad Energy Levels Offsets Lead to Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells from a Blend of Two Fullerene‐Free Small Molecules as Electron Acceptors

Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with Two Structurally Similar Fullerene-Free Acceptors to Redshift Absorption Peaks and Improve Exciton Dissociation

Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with Low-Cost P3HT as the Second Donor by the Complementary Absorption Region from Long-Wavelength to Medium-Wavelength Regions Forming Cascaded HOMO and LUMO Energy Levels

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High-Efficiency fullerene-free organic solar cell based on P3HT: P(NDI2OD-T2) co-polymers through integrated molecular and interfacial engineering