High-efficiency electrosynthesis of urea over bacterial cellulose regulated Pd–Cu bimetallic catalyst

Abstract

Ambient synthesis of urea through electrocatalytic coupling reaction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrate (NO3−) has been regarded as a promising means to substitute the industrial energy- and capital-concentrated Bosch−Meiser...

An oxygen-coordinated cobalt single-atom electrocatalyst boosting urea and urea peroxide production

“…As expected, only doublet peaks (5.5 and 5.7 ppm) representing 15 NH 2 CO 15 NH 2 can be detected in 1 H NMR spectra of the electrolyte, while no single peak (5.6 ppm) related to 14 NH 2 CO 14 NH 2 was observed in the electrolyte when utilizing 15 NO 3 À and CO 2 as the reactants. 42 The concentrations of 14 NH 2 CO 14 NH 2 and 15 NH 2 CO 15 NH 2 were further quantitatively identified based on the related calibration curves (Fig. S20 and S21, ESI †), in good agreement with the urease decomposition results (Fig.…”

“…With the introduction of CO 2 , a significant decrease in cathodic current densities may be due to the effective inhibition of NO 3 À RR and HER, thereby promoting the C-N coupling reaction, consistent with recently reported works. 41,42 The produced urea amount was subsequently quantified using the urease decomposition method (Fig. S9, ESI †).…”

“…S19b, ESI †). 42 The stability of Co-O-C was examined using the CO 2saturated 0.1 M KHCO 3 + 0.05 M KNO 3 electrolyte at À1.5 V (vs. RHE) over a 10 h period. The obtained chronoamperometric curve shows a tiny change in the current density over the entire 10 h testing period (Fig.…”

Electrochemical Co-reduction of N2 and CO2 to Urea Using Bi2S3 Nanorods Anchored to N-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide

“…CO 2 was added to the H-type cell, which was equipped with 100 ppm of the NH 4 HCO 3 electrolyte, and N 2 was also added to the H-type cell with 100 ppm of HCOONH 4 or CH 3 COON 4 . The consequence is that the Bi 2 S 3 /N-RGO composites with the aforementioned surroundings generated little urea (Figure d), suggesting that electrosynthesis of urea does not mainly stem from the ammonia and carboxylates in the solution . Notably, the content of synthesized urea linearly increases followed by reaction time with N 2 and CO 2 as the reactants (Figure c).…”

“…The consequence is that the Bi 2 S 3 /N-RGO composites with the aforementioned surroundings generated little urea (Figure 5d), suggesting that electrosynthesis of urea does not mainly stem from the ammonia and carboxylates in the solution. 58 Notably, the content of synthesized urea linearly increases followed by reaction time with N 2 and CO 2 as the reactants (Figure 5c). These results prove that N and C in the synthesized urea originate from N 2 and CO 2 , respectively.…”