High-efficiency degradation of quinclorac via peroxymonosulfate activated by N-doped CoFe2O4/Fe0@CEDTA hybrid catalyst

An electron-donating system composed of a CIDS@CFO@F0C0 catalyst for the sustainable generation of free radicals to inactivate pathogens

“…Typically, Fe(NO 3 ) 3 and Co(NO 3 ) 2 would degrade into ferric oxide and cobalt oxide under heat. 35 In the presence of carbon, the metal oxides may be further reduced into metal elements (eqn (3) and (4)), depending on the reaction conditions where temperature plays a key role. 39 The direction and possibility of a chemical reaction can usually be estimated from the changes in Gibbs free energy (Δ x G θ m ), which can be calculated based on parameters including enthalpy change (Δ r H θ m ), entropy change (Δ r S θ m ), and reaction temperature (eqn (5)).…”

“…EDTA took on multiple significant parts, such as carbon source, metal capturer and nitrogen supplier, in the course of the reaction. 35 Iminodisuccinate (IDS) usually shows better chelating forces to typical transition metals such as iron than EDTA. 36 In this study, IDS was selected to be the raw material.…”