High Doses of Kefir Accelerate Lung-Injury Progression in Bleomycin-Induced Pneumonitis in Rats

Raras, Tri Yudani Mardining; Hidayati, Nurul Anggraeni; Wardhani, Shinta Oktya

doi:10.5812/jjnpp.111882

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Kefir, given in the appropriate dose, has desirable effects on the body. Meanwhile, too much dosage of kefir can increase the risk of a reaction change of antioxidants to pro-oxidants that potentially may cause harmful impacts (Laily, 2020;Raras, Hidayati, & Wardhani, 2021). The balance between oxidant production and antioxidant protection is indispensably essential in maintaining the health of biological systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kefir as a Prevention of Arsenic-mediated Toxicity in Uterine Female Rats

Windyaningrum

Raras

Rahardjo

et al. 2021

jhms

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Background: kefir is a fermented milk product that demonstrates numerous health benefits including antioxidant and immunomodulatory. Aim: to study the protective effect kefir on the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in endometrial stromal cells and endometrial thickness on female rats that were exposed to arsenic. Methods: twenty-five female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into five groups (CRL, As, T1, T2, T3). Control group (given a normal diet), As group (given the normal diet and exposed to arsenic trioxide 2 mg/kgBW/day). The T1; T2; T3 were exposed to arsenic trioxide 2 mg/kgBW/day and treated with different doses of kefir (1.25; 2.5; and 5 mL/kgBW/day, respectively) for 35 days. The rats of group As treated with arsenic trioxide only and group CRL served as control with normal feed in water. Cytological samples were taken after 35 days of treatment and examined every day to see the rat oestrus phase, and the proestrus phase of the oestrous cycle was chosen for termination. Uterine tissue fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for tissue preparation. ERα expression in endometrial stromal cells was analized using immunohistochemistry method, endometrial thickness was observed using histopathological methods. Results: significant reduction of ERα expression in endometrial stromal cells and endometrial thickness in female rats exposed to arsenic were observed in groups on treated rats (p ≤ 0.000; 0.009, respectively). Conclusion: the administration of kefir in female Wistar rats exposed to arsenic had shown significantly differences on ERα expressions and endometrial thickness. The smallest dose of kefir (1.25 mL/kgBW/day) could increase ERα expression and endometrial thickness in female Wistar rats with arsenic exposure. Therefore kefir has protective effect related to female reproductive system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The balance between oxidant production and antioxidant protection is indispensably essential in maintaining the health of biological systems. Physiological doses of exogenous antioxidants are required to maintain or re-establish redox homeostasis (Bouayed & Bohn, 2010;Raras et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kefir as a Prevention of Arsenic-mediated Toxicity in Uterine Female Rats

Windyaningrum

Raras

Rahardjo

et al. 2021

jhms

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“…82 Pada jaringan paru, pemberian kefir dosis rendah pada tikus model fibrosis subkronis menunjukkan adanya efek yang positif pada jaringan paru pada tikus yang dipapar dengan bleomycin, namun apabila dosis kefir ditingkatkan menjadi tinggi, maka justru memiliki efek sebaliknya yaitu memperparah fibrosis. 83,84…”

Section: Kefir Sebagai Antimutagenesisunclassified

Tinjauan Literatur: KEFIR: MIKROBIOLOGI, SENYAWA BIOAKTIF, DAN MANFAATNYA PADA PENYAKIT NONINFEKSI

Raras

2022

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Kefir semakin populer sebagai produk makanan fermentasi. Secara makroskopis butiran kefir memiliki struktur warna yang ireguler, multilobular, lengket dan berwarna kekuningan. Simbiosis mikrobiota antara bakteri dan khamir merupakan komponen utama dalam biji kefir. Bakteri yang paling banyak ditemukan pada butir kefir adalah Lactobaccilus sp. dan Lactococcus sp. sedangkan khamirnya didominasi oleh Saccharomyces sp. dan Kluveromyces sp. Kefir mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti eksopolisakarida, bioaktif peptida, bacteriocin dan biosurfaktan yang berpotensi meningkatkan manfaat kesehatan dari kefir. Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengulas kefir dari aspek mikrobiologi, kandungan senyawa bioaktif kefir dan pengaruhnya sebagai agen imunomodulator atau imunostimulan pada artritis, antialergi, antikolesterol dan penyakit noninfeksi lain. Kefir berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai produk kesehatan dan nutraseutikal sesuai dengan pengaruhnya terhadap stimulasi respons imun, antiartritis, aktivasi imunitas mukosa intestinal, perlindungan dari ulkus peptikum, antikanker, antimutagenesis, antialergi, menurunkan kadar kolesterol, mengurangi obesitas, dan antihipertensi. Oleh karena itu, kefir sangat potensial untuk dieksplorasi lebih lanjut dalam penelitian translasional sebagai salah satu bahan aditif dalam produk pangan fungsional yang memberikan manfaat untuk kesehatan.

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Lung Pneumonitis and Fibrosis in Cancer Therapy: A Review on Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

Shang

Najafi

2022

CDT

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Fibrosis and pneumonitis are the most important side effects of lung tissue following cancer therapy. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy by some drugs such as bleomycin can induce pneumonitis and fibrosis. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy also may induce pneumonitis and fibrosis with a lesser extent compared to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Activation of lymphocytes by immunotherapy or infiltration of inflammatory cells such as macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and mast cells following chemo/radiation therapy can induce pneumonitis. Furthermore, the polarization of macrophages toward M2 cells and the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines stimulate fibrosis. Lung fibrosis and pneumonitis may also be potentiated by some other changes such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), oxidative stress, reduction/oxidation (redox) responses, renin-angiotensin system, and the upregulation of some inflammatory mediators such as nuclear factor of kappa B (NF-κB), inflammasome, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Damages to the lung vascular system and the induction of hypoxia also can induce pulmonary injury following chemo/radiation therapy. In this review, we explain various mechanisms of the induction of pneumonitis and lung fibrosis following cancer therapy. Furthermore, the targets and promising agents to mitigate lung fibrosis and pneumonitis will be discussed.

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High Doses of Kefir Accelerate Lung-Injury Progression in Bleomycin-Induced Pneumonitis in Rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Kefir as a Prevention of Arsenic-mediated Toxicity in Uterine Female Rats

Kefir as a Prevention of Arsenic-mediated Toxicity in Uterine Female Rats

Tinjauan Literatur: KEFIR: MIKROBIOLOGI, SENYAWA BIOAKTIF, DAN MANFAATNYA PADA PENYAKIT NONINFEKSI

Lung Pneumonitis and Fibrosis in Cancer Therapy: A Review on Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

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