High-dose intravenous vitamin C attenuates hyperinflammation in severe coronavirus disease 2019

Abstract

Background High-dose intravenous vitamin C (HIVC) is a major concern on treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of HIVC on hyperinflammation among patients with severe COVID-19. Methods The retrospective cohort study included inpatients with severe COVID-19, a subset of whom was treated with HIVC. The medical records were screened for demographic data, laboratory findings, medications, as well as initial and repeated values of multiple inflammatory markers for analysis. Results The percentages of patients presented hyperinflammation based on inflammatory markers levels above upper limit of normal (hs-CRP, 80.1%; IL-6, 91.5%; TNF-a, 67.4%). A total of 85 (36.0%) patients received HIVC therapy. After treatment with HIVC, the levels of inflammatory markers displayed significant decrease related to those among patients without HIVC. Furthermore, the percentages of reduction in inflammatory markers levels were higher in patients receiving HIVC compared with those in patients treated without HIVC. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed that HIVC was independently associated with percentages of reduction in inflammatory markers levels. Conclusions HIVC has potential benefit in attenuating hyperinflammation through reducing inflammatory markers levels in patients with severe COVID-19.

High-dose vitamin C ameliorates cardiac injury in COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study

“…Besides symptomatic supportive treatments, a subset of patients with verbal consents also received administration of HIVC infusion as adjuvant therapy during the first 24 hours period after admission. The HIVC treatment protocol was administered as reported previously by our group [ 9 ]. Briefly, vitamin C was administered intravenously at the excess dosage of 100 mg/kg every 6 hours for 1 day followed by 100 mg/kg every 12 hours for additional 5 days during hospitalization.…”

Lectin from Triticum vulgaris (WGA) Inhibits Infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants of Concern Alpha and Beta

“…Among them, iota-carrageenan and quinine were shown to potently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro [ 36 , 37 ] and in the case of iota-carrageenan also in vivo [ 38 ]. Moreover, other natural compounds that are undergoing clinical trials were examined for their potential to treat COVID-19, for example, vitamin C or D, which were suggested to reduce the severity of cytokine storms [ 39 , 40 ], or lactoferrin, which was considered to compete with the virus in sialic acid binding [ 41 ]. A different mechanism was suggested for phytoestrogens and estrogens, which bind to the cell-surface Heat Shock Protein A5 responsible for pathogen entry and may therefore interfere with SARS-CoV-2 attachment [ 42 ].…”

Melatonin, Zinc, and Vitamin C: Potential Adjuvant Treatment for COVID-19 Patients

“…Although a few observational research and preliminary clinical studies on vitamin C in patients with COVID-19 corroborate their findings by noting a reduction in hyper inflammation (43,44,47), improvement in the oxygen support status (39,41,46,47), lower incidence of thrombosis (42), and also the reduced disease aggravation in the early stage of COVID-19 pneumonia (43), the mortality rate is still controversial among the studies. Some authors found a reduction in mortality (46) whereas other studies with vitamin C did not observe a difference in mortality when compared to patients in the control group (40,42,45).…”

“…Among 108 coronavirus-associated melatonin articles extracted and assessed for eligibility, three studies with a melatonin approach were included (33)(34)(35). Moreover, among the 399 coronavirus-associated zinc studies extracted and evaluated for eligibility, three studies entered the inclusion criteria (36)(37)(38), whereas among 344 coronavirus-associated vitamin C (or ascorbic acid) papers initially extracted and analyzed for eligibility, a total of 10 papers were also included as RCTs or observational research (37,(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47).…”