High‐dose administration of purified cyanidin‐3‐glucose or a blackberry extract causes improved mitochondrial function but reduced content in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes

Abstract

Berry consumption shows antiobesity and antidiabetic effects in animals and humans.Anthocyanin or berry extracts increase insulin sensitivity, reduce lipid droplet formation, and cause a white-to-brite phenotypic switch of adipocytes in vitro. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) or blackberry extract (BBE) on cellular respiration of a fatty acid substrate in differentiated adipocytes. In separate experiments, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 0, 150 nM, or 50 μM purified C3G -or-0, 150 nM, 25 μM, or 50 μM C3G-equivalents from a BBE. Baseline, state-4, state-3, and uncoupled respiration states were created experimentally and measured by high-resolution respirometry. Respiration rate within each state was corrected for mitochondrial content determined by PCR. Mitochondrial content was significantly reduced with high-dose C3G and the two high-dose BBE. The high-dose C3G caused a significant increase in respiration rate for baseline, state-4, state-3, and uncoupled states compared to control and physiologic dose C3G. The intermediate-high dose (25 μM) BBE also significantly increased respiration rate for the same states compared to control and other treatment levels of BBE; this effect was not observed at the high-dose (50 μM) BBE. Administration of high-dose purified C3G or BBE decreased mitochondrial content but enhanced cellular respiration on a fatty acid substrate in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes across several mitochondrial states. We did not observe a phenotypic switch to brite adipocytes like others, but our empirical findings in cellular respiration on a fatty acid substrate support the antiobesity effects associated with anthocyanins and berries.

Polyphenolic profiles of a variety of wild berries from the Pacific Northwest region of North America

“…C-3-ARA has also been detected in other wild berries ( Mieres-Castro et al, 2019 ; Sánchez-Gavilán et al, 2021 ), and has been suggested to possess beneficial health properties through mitochondrial regulation ( Jung et al, 2022 ). C-3-GLU and C-3-GAL are common anthocyanins in berries and other foods ( Bellocco et al, 2016 ; Liang et al, 2021 ; Solverson et al, 2022 ) and their health benefits have been studied more extensively ( Chen et al, 2022 ; Gan et al, 2020 ; Liang et al, 2021 ; Tan et al, 2019 ). Therefore, with two to ten-fold the amount of cyanidin derivatives compared to blueberries, huckleberries can be considered as excellent sources of dietary cyanidins with health protective effects.…”

Mixed Berry Juice and Cellulose Fiber Have Differential Effects on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Respiration in Overweight Adults

“…In another study, 3T3-L1 adipocytes increased maximal respiration when incubated with malvidin 3-glucoside [ 5 ]. In addition, our group recently found a greater oxidative capacity of 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with cyanidin 3-glucoside or blackberry extract [ 32 ]. Oxygen consumption was higher in all respiration states.…”

Strategies to promote the dietary use of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) for human nutrition and health

“…Among them, pinostrobin is used as a quality indicator of pigeon pea leaves for its high content and characteristic existence (Wang & Li, 2022). High level of bioactive phytochemicals often suggests high potential in the prevention/treatment of pathological conditions and diseases, including anti‐osteoporosis (Lai Lijin, 2020; Linan, 2014; Liu et al., 2022), anti‐inflammatory (Huang et al., 2016; Lai et al., 2012), anti‐cancer (Abo‐Zeid et al., 2018; Luo et al., 2010), anti‐bacterial (Kong et al., 2010), anti‐obesity (Solverson et al., 2022), and anti‐viral (Nwodo et al., 2011; Zu et al., 2010). On this basis, we discover a research gap that no data are reported for pigeon pea about the changing trend of any single polyphenols during sprouting, microgreens, and mature leaves.…”