High Diversity of the Viral Community from an Antarctic Lake

López-Bueno, Alberto; Tamames, Javier; Velázquez, David; Moya, Andrés; Quesada, Antonio; Alcamı́, Antonio

doi:10.1126/science.1179287

Cited by 379 publications

(338 citation statements)

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“…New molecular techniques are opening interesting perspectives regarding the microbial distribution and functionality in Polar Regions (Varin et al 2010) and allow setting benchmarks for diversity changes also at microbial and viral levels. Recent findings show unprecedented viral diversity in nonmarine Antarctic ecosystems (López-Bueno et al 2009) and impressive ecosystem connectivity at the global scale (Aguirre de Cárcer et al 2015). These new findings and Polar Biol (2016) 39:1-10 3 those to come in the future will provide answers to key questions on ecosystem functioning and evolution.…”

Section: Terrestrial Biocomplexity: Function and Linkages In Land Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the special issue on the Life in Antarctica: Boundaries and Gradients in a Changing Environment (XIth SCAR Biology Symposium)

et al. 2015

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Scientific research in Antarctica has reached maturity in recent decades. The interest in issues related to knowledge about the southern polar regions has increased significantly among researchers from all scientific and technological disciplines. Among the various fields, biology comprises perhaps the highest concentration of related activities and encompasses the most diverse research topics. This increase in the research activity has to be translated in a greater coordination research efforts. The

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Section: Terrestrial Biocomplexity: Function and Linkages In Land Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the special issue on the Life in Antarctica: Boundaries and Gradients in a Changing Environment (XIth SCAR Biology Symposium)

et al. 2015

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“…This discrepancy may be due to the predominance of myoviral genomes in sequence databases and the fact that short sequence reads can make identifying RNR class designations difficult (11,30). Moreover, the short-read aquatic viromes showing a high abundance of class I RNRs were amplified by multiple displacement amplification (MDA) before sequencing (26,(31)(32)(33). MDA is known to introduce sequencing biases (34,35) and can result in large coverage discrepancies across loci (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ribonucleotide reductases reveal novel viral diversity and predict biological and ecological features of unknown marine viruses

Sakowski¹,

Munsell²,

Hyatt³

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Virioplankton play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems as topdown regulators of bacterial populations and agents of horizontal gene transfer and nutrient cycling. However, the biology and ecology of virioplankton populations in the environment remain poorly understood. Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are ancient enzymes that reduce ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides and thus prime DNA synthesis. Composed of three classes according to O 2 reactivity, RNRs can be predictive of the physiological conditions surrounding DNA synthesis. RNRs are universal among cellular life, common within viral genomes and virioplankton shotgun metagenomes (viromes), and estimated to occur within >90% of the dsDNA virioplankton sampled in this study. RNRs occur across diverse viral groups, including all three morphological families of tailed phages, making these genes attractive for studies of viral diversity. Differing patterns in virioplankton diversity were clear from RNRs sampled across a broad oceanic transect. The most abundant RNRs belonged to novel lineages of podoviruses infecting α-proteobacteria, a bacterial class critical to oceanic carbon cycling. RNR class was predictive of phage morphology among cyanophages and RNR distribution frequencies among cyanophages were largely consistent with the predictions of the "kill the winner-cost of resistance" model. RNRs were also identified for the first time to our knowledge within ssDNA viromes. These data indicate that RNR polymorphism provides a means of connecting the biological and ecological features of virioplankton populations. viral ecology | viral evolution | phage replication

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“…Sequences with similarity to ssDNA viruses have been found in metagenomic data from multiple environments (reviewed in Rosario and Breitbart, 2011;Rosario et al, 2012). For example, sequences from the Microviridae and Circoviridae have been observed in marine environments (Angly et al, 2006;Rosario et al, 2009), freshwater (Ló pez-Bueno et al, 2009) and modern stromatolites , and similar to those from the Circoviridae, Geminiviridae, Nanoviridae and Parvoviridae were observed in corals (Thurber et al, 2008). However, the identification of ssDNA viruses relies on comparative analysis with sequences in databases that do not adequately reflect the diversity of ssDNA in nature; hence, the diversity of ssDNA viruses remains poorly characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Previously unknown and highly divergent ssDNA viruses populate the oceans

2013

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Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses are economically important pathogens of plants and animals, and are widespread in oceans; yet, the diversity and evolutionary relationships among marine ssDNA viruses remain largely unknown. Here we present the results from a metagenomic study of composite samples from temperate (Saanich Inlet, 11 samples; Strait of Georgia, 85 samples) and subtropical (46 samples, Gulf of Mexico) seawater. Most sequences (84%) had no evident similarity to sequenced viruses. In total, 608 putative complete genomes of ssDNA viruses were assembled, almost doubling the number of ssDNA viral genomes in databases. These comprised 129 genetically distinct groups, each represented by at least one complete genome that had no recognizable similarity to each other or to other virus sequences. Given that the seven recognized families of ssDNA viruses have considerable sequence homology within them, this suggests that many of these genetic groups may represent new viral families. Moreover, nearly 70% of the sequences were similar to one of these genomes, indicating that most of the sequences could be assigned to a genetically distinct group. Most sequences fell within 11 well-defined gene groups, each sharing a common gene. Some of these encoded putative replication and coat proteins that had similarity to sequences from viruses infecting eukaryotes, suggesting that these were likely from viruses infecting eukaryotic phytoplankton and zooplankton.

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High Diversity of the Viral Community from an Antarctic Lake

Cited by 379 publications

References 27 publications

Introduction to the special issue on the Life in Antarctica: Boundaries and Gradients in a Changing Environment (XIth SCAR Biology Symposium)

Introduction to the special issue on the Life in Antarctica: Boundaries and Gradients in a Changing Environment (XIth SCAR Biology Symposium)

Ribonucleotide reductases reveal novel viral diversity and predict biological and ecological features of unknown marine viruses

Previously unknown and highly divergent ssDNA viruses populate the oceans

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