High Discharge Capacity and Ultra-Fast-Charging Sodium Dual-Ion Battery Based on Insoluble Organic Polymer Anode and Concentrated Electrolyte

Abstract

Sodium-based dual-ion batteries have shown great promise for largescale energy storage applications due to their wide operating voltages, environmental friendliness, abundant sodium resources, and low cost, which are widely investigated by researchers. However, the development of high-performance anode materials is a key requirement for the realization of such electrochemical energy storage systems at the practical application level. Carbonaceous anode materials based on intercalation/deintercalation mechanisms typically exhibit low discharge capacities, while metal-based materials based on conversion or alloying reactions show unsatisfactory stability in performance. On the contrary, organic materials display high theoretical capacities due to their flexible molecular structure designability and stable cyclic performance with fast reaction kinetics based on the unique enolization reaction. Herein, we report an organic polymer anode material of polyimide (PNTO), combined with a high-concentration electrolyte; the sodium-based dual-ion battery system constructed exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance. The full battery shows an ultra-high specific discharge capacity of 293.2 mAh g −1 and can be cycled stably for 3200/5600/4100 cycles at ultra-high rates of 60/120/150 C without degradation. Furthermore, the dual-ion battery system demonstrates an extremely low self-discharge rate of 0.03% h −1 and superior fast-charging−slow-discharging performance. It is one of the best performances reported up to now for a dual-ion full battery based on an organic polymer anode. This novel battery system design strategy will facilitate the advancement of high-performance organic-based dual-ion batteries and is expected to be a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage applications.

Empowering Energy Storage Technology: Recent Breakthroughs and Advancement in Sodium-Ion Batteries

“…Wu et al presented an organic polymer anode (PNTO) capable of delivering an ultrahigh specific discharge capacity of 293.2 mAh g –1 when paired with a high-concentration electrolyte. Moreover, this anode exhibits stable cycling performance, enduring 3200 cycles at 60C, 5600 cycles at 120C, and 4100 cycles at 150C without degradation . Wang et al.…”

“…Moreover, this anode exhibits stable cycling performance, enduring 3200 cycles at 60C, 5600 cycles at 120C, and 4100 cycles at 150C without degradation. 75 Wang et al introduced Na 3 V(PO 3 ) 3 N cathode with excellent stability that thus delivered a fast-charging property. 76 To impart the fast-charging property in the existing and/or new energy material, researchers adopt various methodologies such as doping, coating, composite addition, or some other engineering.…”

Organic Electrode Materials for Dual‐Ion Batteries

“…Organic cathode materials reported for dual-ion batteries. [129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138] showing ultrafast reaction kinetics. The assembled DIB can achieve excellent electrochemical performance owing to the high reversibility and fast electron transfer characteristics of PI/ GR electrode.…”

Fundamental Understanding and Optimization Strategies for Dual-Ion Batteries: A Review

“…Although the rapid development of DIBs has been achieved, the related research is still at their early stage. More efforts should be devoted to exploring novel electrode materials and electrolytes tailored for high-performance DIBs [ 37 , 39 – 43 ]. Besides, effective strategies and characterization techniques are needed to deeply understand the fundamental working mechanisms of proposed DIBs.…”