High-dimensional communication on etchless lithium niobate platform with photonic bound states in the continuum

Yu, Zejie; Tong, Y. L.; Tsang, Hon Ki; Sun, Xiankai

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15358-x

Cited by 103 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The need for strongly anisotropic materials substantially limits their applications. The realizations of BICs in silicon photonics are still lacking [14,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bound States in the Continuum on a Silicon Chip with Dynamic Tuning

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Expanding bound states in the continuum (BIC) beyond photonic crystal systems may enable broader applications benefiting from the unique properties of BIC states. We use photonic integrated circuit to realize a Fabry-Pérot BIC on a silicon chip. The devices consist of cascaded ring resonators with tunable resonance frequencies and phase delays. As a result, the BIC state is dynamically tuned with electrical I/O. We analyze the mechanism of the formation of BIC states in this waveguide system and point out the fundamental differences between the BIC states and electromagnetically induced transparency states in integrated photonics. The high transmission protected by the BIC state enables versatile optical filters, which are capable of independent control over switching, peak position, and quality factor. We also demonstrate the scalability of this platform. This integrated silicon photonic platform brings opportunities for practical BIC applications.

show abstract

“…The need for strongly anisotropic materials substantially limits their applications. The realizations of BICs in silicon photonics are still lacking [14,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bound States in the Continuum on a Silicon Chip with Dynamic Tuning

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The static characterization results in Figure 8 show lower than −10 dB inter‐modal crosstalk which has been demonstrated to be small enough and has negligible influence on the dynamic measurement. [ 38 ] Figure shows the results of the dynamic characterization (measured eye diagrams and BERs) for different mode channels of the MMUX. It can be seen from Figure 9a that clear and open eyes are obtained for all mode channels, and the extinction ratio is larger than 11.37 dB.…”

Section: Fabrication and Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode and Polarization‐Division Multiplexing Based on Silicon Nitride Loaded Lithium Niobate on Insulator Platform

Han

Jiang

Frigg

et al. 2021

Laser & Photonics Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mode and polarization-division multiplexing technologies (MDM and PDM)can offer considerable parallelism for optical multiplexing biosensors, complex optical neural networks, and high-capacity optical interconnects, while requiring only a single-wavelength laser source. Thanks to the mature fabrication processes of silicon nitride and superior material properties of lithium niobate, the silicon nitride loaded lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform allows the integration of high-speed optical modulators and optical (de)multiplexing devices to achieve high-capacity and low-cost photonic integrated circuits suitable for data communication applications. In this contribution, MDM and PDM are investigated in a silicon nitride loaded LNOI (X-cut) platform. As a proof of concept, an asymmetrical directional coupler-based mode ( de)multiplexer (MMUX) and polarization splitter-rotator (PSR) are designed, fabricated, and experimentally demonstrated. The measured insertion losses are lower than 1.46 and 1.49 dB, while the inter-modal crosstalk is lower than −13.03 and −17.75 dB for the MMUX and PSR, respectively, for a wavelength range of 1525-1565 nm. A 40 Gbps data transmission experiment demonstrates the data transmission capabilities of the fabricated devices. The measured eye diagrams are clear and wide-open, and the bit error rate measurements show reasonable power penalties, indicating good device performance.

show abstract

“…Key elements for photonic integrated circuits such as waveguides, microcavities, directional couplers, (de)multiplexers, and modulators have recently been experimentally demonstrated in low-refractive-index waveguides on high-refractive-index substrates. [93,[98][99][100] A schematic of the envisioned photonic integrated circuits relying on BIC low-refractive-index waveguides on high-refractive-index substrates is depicted in Figure 4d. This platform used an easy-to-etch organic polymer on top of a lithium niobate layer where the light is guided.…”

Section: Bics For Light Guidingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic Bound States in the Continuum: From Basics to Applications

Azzam

Kildishev

2020

Advanced Optical Materials

326

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In theory, BICs are dark states with infinite radiative lifetime and generally require at least one dimension of the structure extending to infinity. [6] Similar conditions can also be obtained in localized systems of finite extent when the permittivity approaches zero. [5,11] However, in practice, due to the finite extent of structures, material absorption, and other external perturbations, BICs collapse to a Fano resonance with a limited radiative Q factor. Such resonances are known as quasi-BIC and they have been used to obtain very high Q resonances in numerous photonic systems to date. [6,8,12] Even though practical implementations of BICs are limited to quasi-BIC, in the literature, as well as in this review, quasi-BIC are commonly referred to as BICs. Another type of high-Q resonances called near-BIC is obtained in the vicinity of the BIC through detuning the system from the BIC regime. [9,13,14] Near-BICs can be explained by the Theory of Resonance Reactions by Fonda [13,14] as a bound state can exist in the continuum at an energy where some channels are open even when the open and closed channels are strongly coupled. If the Hamiltonian of the system differs slightly from the one that can produce such a bound state, a sharp resonance appears in all scattering and reaction cross-sections. Near-BIC resonances can be obtained over an interval of values of a specific parameter of the system, unlike BICs that are generally achieved at a single value of the parameter. [9,15] This is of importance for practical systems as it provides stability to fabrication errors and other imperfections. [12] It is also worth mentioning that the total Q factor (Q t) realizable through BICs is generally limited by the material loss. While the radiative Q-factor (Q r) at BICs can diverge, the non-radiative Q-factor (Q nr) is limited by material absorption and its inhomogeneous broadening, scattering from the structural disorder, and in-plane lateral leakage. It is therefore, important to have an accurate distinction between Q r and Q nr and account for non-radiative processes as generally the main contributors to the total Q." 1.2. BIC Types and Formation Mechanisms Since the time of initial prediction of BICs in photonics, they have been realized in numerous geometrical systems, including gratings, waveguides, metasurfaces, and photonic crystals. [4,7,9,16-24] Such a broad diversity of photonic systems supports different types of BICs that originate from various physical mechanisms. We will briefly highlight the different The introduction of bound states in the continuum (BICs) to photonics has revolutionized the way cavity design and light-matter interactions are thought about in general. BICs can have very high quality factors, even in open structures where access to radiation is permissible. Now, BICs found applications in a large class of areas, including nonlinear enhancement, coherent light generation, sensors, filters, integrated circuits, and many others. In this review, the different types of BICs in photonic systems,...

show abstract

High-dimensional communication on etchless lithium niobate platform with photonic bound states in the continuum

Cited by 103 publications

References 39 publications

Bound States in the Continuum on a Silicon Chip with Dynamic Tuning

Bound States in the Continuum on a Silicon Chip with Dynamic Tuning

Mode and Polarization‐Division Multiplexing Based on Silicon Nitride Loaded Lithium Niobate on Insulator Platform

Photonic Bound States in the Continuum: From Basics to Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About