High-density and radiation shielding concrete

Jóźwiak–Niedźwiedzka, Daria; Lessing, Paul A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102616-8.00009-5

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The methodology of this study involves several key steps to evaluate the effectiveness of ordinary and barite concrete as radiation-shielding materials in a research reactor environment. Initially, concrete samples of grades M15, M25, M35, and M45 (M denotes the mix or designated mixture to achieve the required compression strength after the 28th day of the curing process) are selected for fabrication using Tomaz Zagar's 42,49 mixing materials at the TRIGA research reactor in Ljubljana. The physical and mechanical properties of the concrete samples are assessed using gamma rays emitted by Cobalt-60 and Caesium-137.…”

Section: Methodology Of Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While ordinary concrete may not provide the same level of radiation attenuation as HDC in NPPs, recent studies have shown its effectiveness in optimizing radiation levels within lower radiation environments, such as research reactors 42 . The minimum grade of concrete required is determined by durability factors, which are based on the kind of environmental conditions to which the structures are exposed 35,43 .…”

Section: Ductility Nil Nilmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Shielding Efficiency of Ordinary and Barite Concrete in Radiation Shielding Utilizations

Ahmad,

Idris,

Hussin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Concrete has been used as a radiation shielding material due to its properties and integrity. Radiation shielding materials play a crucial role in various applications, ranging from nuclear power plants to medical facilities. Despite the prevalent use of concrete as a radiation-shielding material, uncertainties persist regarding the most suitable concrete grades for optimal attenuation, emphasizing the necessity for systematic investigation. In this study, we investigate the efficacy of ordinary and barite concrete as radiation shielding materials across different grades: M15, M25, M35, and M45. Ordinary concrete (OC), composed of cement, water, and limestone as aggregates, is compared with barite concrete (BC), where barite is added as an aggregate substitute to enhance radiation attenuation properties. An assessment is conducted on the physical attributes and gamma-ray attenuation characteristics of these concrete mixtures after exposure to Cobalt-60 and Caesium-137 radioactive elements. Key properties, including density, compressive strength, linear attenuation coefficient (µ), mass attenuation coefficient (µm), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), mean free path (MFP), radiation efficiency, and lead equivalent, were examined. The concrete is irradiated in a thermal column for 24, 48, and 72 hours to assess changes in crystalline size and lattice parameters following neutron exposure. The addition of barite as an aggregate substitute enhances the density, with the density of OC ranging from 2.1 g/cm3 to 2.39 g/cm3, accompanied by compression strength ranging from 20 MPa to 44 MPa. In contrast, barite concrete (BC) has a density ranging from 3.07 g/cm3 to 3.55 g/cm3, with compression strength ranging from 18.15 MPa to 39.71 MPa. Irradiation with Cobalt-60 reveals lower linear attenuation (µ) within the range of 0.172 to 0.195 cm− 1, with consistent mass attenuation for all grades at 0.81 cm2/g. The HVL ranges from 3.559 cm to 4.020 cm, with a corresponding TVL spanning 11.825 cm to 13.354 cm. XRD testing reveals a shift in the SiO2 and BaSO4 peaks towards the right after irradiation, indicating crystalline expansion in size, with the most significant changes observed after 24 hours of irradiation. Concerning lattice parameters, the d-value (inter-atomic spacing) shows the most significant decrease of 0.10 after 48 hours of irradiation in grade 25, while the most notable increase is 0.02 after 24 hours of irradiation in grades 15 and 45. The experiment suggests that ordinary concrete is effective for radiation shielding against 137Cs but lacks sufficient efficacy against 137Co.

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Section: Methodology Of Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ductility Nil Nilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Shielding Efficiency of Ordinary and Barite Concrete in Radiation Shielding Utilizations

Ahmad,

Idris,

Hussin

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…During the design of concrete as neutron shielding the fast and intermediate neutrons require being slowed down, and thermal neutrons need to be absorbed or captured. It is, therefore, essential to have a mass of a material that contains atoms has ability to thermalize and capture neutrons [6].…”

Section: Neutron Attenuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Shielding Against Neutron Using Different Fillers: Review Study

Mohamedy¹

2023

Arab Journal of Nuclear Sciences and Applications

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Radiation Shielding Concrete is mixture of cement, water, and heavy weight Aggregates (Fillers) commonly used as shielding against radiation as neutrons that emitted in different facilities as the medical units, particle accelerators. Neutrons causing extra doses to the patient and the occupational workers which is the main issue to grantee radiation safety. Various special Concretes containing fillers have been produced and used for enhancing the radiation shielding characteristics of the ordinary concrete. Only light elements as boron and hydrogen acts as moderate for neutrons that can absorb them. Therefore, for neutrons radiation shielding; concrete must contain light elements beside the heavy elements. Many softwires were employed to examine the effectiveness of the concretes as a radiation shielding materials, also Monte Carlo (MC) simulation program that simulates the transmission and interaction of radiation with different matters. Those software and simulation programs can be used in different fields such as, radiation physics, medicine, and researches. In this paper different fillers added to the ordinary concrete and different measuring methods will be reviewed.

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“…Due to its good shielding capability, concrete has been used in the construction of nuclear buildings. There are 449 nuclear reactors in 30 countries in operation and 60 in 15 countries under construction [1][2][3]. However, it indicates a growing demand for the construction of nuclear buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Heavy-Weight Concrete as a Fire-Resistance Nuclear Concrete

Ismail Ahmed Ali,

Lublóy

2024

Nuclear Power Plants - New Insights

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The application of ionising radiations became necessary and valuable for various reasons, i.e., electricity generation, medical treatment, agriculture, industry and scientific research. Nuclear power plants are one of the most complex radiation-shielding structures. Special design and building materials are required to enhance safety and reduce the risk of harmful radiation emissions. The construction of nuclear buildings must fulfil radiation attenuation, strength, fire resistance and durability which are cost-effective properties. Therefore, heavy-weight concrete (HWC) can fulfil these requirements due to its cost-effectiveness and good physical, mechanical and thermal properties. The research aims to introduce nuclear buildings, their application and their behaviour under elevated temperatures. Also, the research aims to review the heavy-weight concrete and heavy aggregate and their essential role in developing neutron-shielding and fire-resistant materials and prove this fact through investigations. However, the aim of this research was to investigate heavy-weight concrete’s physical, mechanical and thermal properties at different elevated temperatures. Whereas magnetite heavy-weight concrete is the main concern. Result showed the good thermal resistance capability of magnetite concrete up to 800°C, compared to the basalt and quartz concrete. Raising the water-cement ratio (w/c ratio) of the heavy-weight magnetite concrete reduced the risk of explosive spalling at 800°C. Whereas adding metakaolin and boron carbide improved the mechanical properties of magnetite concrete up to 500°C.

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High-density and radiation shielding concrete

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Enhancing Shielding Efficiency of Ordinary and Barite Concrete in Radiation Shielding Utilizations

Enhancing Shielding Efficiency of Ordinary and Barite Concrete in Radiation Shielding Utilizations

Radiation Shielding Against Neutron Using Different Fillers: Review Study

Application of the Heavy-Weight Concrete as a Fire-Resistance Nuclear Concrete

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