High degree of conservancy among secreted salivary gland proteins from two geographically distant Phlebotomus duboscqi sandflies populations (Mali and Kenya)

Kato, Hirotomo; Anderson, Jennifer M.; Kamhawi, Shaden; Oliveira, Fabiano; Lawyer, Phillip G.; Pham, Van My; Sangare, Constance Souko; Samake, Sibiry; Sissoko, Ibrahim; Garfield, Mark; Sigutova, Lucie; Volf, Petr; Doumbia, Seydou; Valenzuela, Jesús G.

doi:10.1186/1471-2164-7-226

Cited by 77 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…24 They are also very similar in sequence to the SP15 protein of the related sand fly P papatasi (≈65% amino acid identity; Figure I in the online-only Data Supplement). 25 Proteomic analysis has shown this group to be the most abundant group of proteins in the saliva of P duboscqi .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Novel Family of Insect Salivary Inhibitors Blocks Contact Pathway Activation by Binding to Polyphosphate, Heparin, and Dextran Sulfate

Alvarenga

Oliveira

et al. 2013

ATVB

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Objective Polyphosphate and heparin are anionic polymers released by activated mast cells and platelets that are known to stimulate the contact pathway of coagulation. These polymers promote both the autoactivation of factor XII and the assembly of complexes containing factor XI, prekallikrein, and high-molecular-weight kininogen. We are searching for salivary proteins from blood-feeding insects that counteract the effect of procoagulant and proinflammatory factors in the host, including elements of the contact pathway. Approach and Results Here, we evaluate the ability of the sand fly salivary proteins, PdSP15a and PdSP15b, to inhibit the contact pathway by disrupting binding of its components to anionic polymers. We attempt to demonstrate binding of the proteins to polyphosphate, heparin, and dextran sulfate. We also evaluate the effect of this binding on contact pathway reactions. We also set out to determine the x-ray crystal structure of PdSP15b and examine the determinants of relevant molecular interactions. Both proteins bind polyphosphate, heparin, and dextran sulfate with high affinity. Through this mechanism they inhibit the autoactivation of factor XII and factor XI, the reciprocal activation of factor XII and prekallikrein, the activation of factor XI by thrombin and factor XIIa, the cleavage of high-molecular-weight kininogen in plasma, and plasma extravasation induced by polyphosphate. The crystal structure of PdSP15b contains an amphipathic helix studded with basic side chains that forms the likely interaction surface. Conclusions The results of these studies indicate that the binding of anionic polymers by salivary proteins is used by blood feeders as an antihemostatic/anti-inflammatory mechanism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…25 Proteomic analysis has shown this group to be the most abundant group of proteins in the saliva of P duboscqi . 24 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Family of Insect Salivary Inhibitors Blocks Contact Pathway Activation by Binding to Polyphosphate, Heparin, and Dextran Sulfate

Alvarenga

Oliveira

et al. 2013

ATVB

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“…maturation. Classical genetics studies have shown that the genetics of red rice is controlled by two loci, namely Rd and Rc (Kinoshita, 1995;Kato et al, 2006). The pericarp is brown-pigmented when Rc is present alone and is colorless when Rd is present alone; however, the presence of both Rd and Rc impart red color to the pericarp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Characterization of Weedy Rice Populations from Different Regions of Asia

Shu-lin¹,

Tian²,

Li³

et al. 2017

mpb

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Weedy rice produces a low number of grains per plant and is considered undesirable in cultivated rice fields. It spreads rapidly because of its high phenotypic plasticity and seed shattering. We used the RID14 marker to identify the genotypes governing red and white pericarp color in weedy rice. We then evaluated 18 characters of 199 weedy rice accessions (5 rice-growing regions in Asia) and 24 of cultivated rice as control, and analyzed them using coefficients of variation, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis. Our results showed that weedy rice accessions and cultivated rice populations from different regions of Asia were significantly different in one or more of their morphological characteristics. Weedy rice significantly differed from cultivated rice in plant height at vegetative growth phase, and in pericarp color and seed shattering during the reproductive growth phase. According to principal component analysis, weedy rice populations were significantly separated from cultivated rice in North China, Korea, Southeast Asia, Korea, and South China. We used principal component analysis and cluster analysis to categorize weedy rice populations into 3 main groups: Group 1 from Korea and Northern China; group 2 from Southern China and Southeast Asia; and group 3 from Eastern China. This study established an index for morphological characteristics of weedy rice to facilitate its identification the fields, which are expected to provide a theoretical basis for weedy rice infestation control in Asia.

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“…By using transcriptomic analysis, the saliva of the wild versus the colonized sand flies, collected from different geographical localities, have been compared. The obtained results indicate high levels of homology between the saliva transcripts from different sand fly groups [85]. Further proteomics analyses are required to illuminate such differences.…”

Section: New Approaches To the Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand fly saliva: toward a vaccine against leishmaniases

Vasoukolaei¹

2015

vacres

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Leishmaniases are a group of sand fly-borne diseases caused by protozoan parasites from species of Leishmania genus. These diseases are reported in about 100 countries with a prevalence of 12 million people infected and incidence of 2 million people per year, putting approximately 350 million people at risk of the infections. Leishmaniases are endemic and are considered as important public health problems in many provinces of Iran. The infection is transmitted through the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. The sand fly salivates while biting the vertebrate host. The saliva of phlebotomines consists of different molecules that are necessary for a sand fly to successfully take a blood meal. Additionally, previous exposures to sand fly saliva indirectly affect the establishment of Leishmania in the vertebrate host. Moreover, mice previously exposed to the saliva by injection or by uninfected sand fly bites have shown both humoral and cellular immune responses against the salivary antigens that protects them against Leishmania infection. Importantly, the immunization of mice with defined molecules from the saliva of the vector species has also conferred a strong protection against Leishmania infection. This suggests that such salivary components may be considered as candidates for a cocktail vaccine against leishmaniases. The current article briefly explains the potential of salivary components of sand fly vectors as immunological items to prevent leishmaniasis. So far, there is no efficient vaccine against these infections and efforts are required to be focused on developing effective and applicable vaccines against leishmaniases.

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High degree of conservancy among secreted salivary gland proteins from two geographically distant Phlebotomus duboscqi sandflies populations (Mali and Kenya)

Cited by 77 publications

References 51 publications

Novel Family of Insect Salivary Inhibitors Blocks Contact Pathway Activation by Binding to Polyphosphate, Heparin, and Dextran Sulfate

Novel Family of Insect Salivary Inhibitors Blocks Contact Pathway Activation by Binding to Polyphosphate, Heparin, and Dextran Sulfate

Morphological Characterization of Weedy Rice Populations from Different Regions of Asia

Sand fly saliva: toward a vaccine against leishmaniases

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