High current hollow cathode as a radiometric transfer standard source for the extreme vacuum ultraviolet

Abstract

A high current hollow cathode source has been developed as a radiometric source standard for the extreme VUV. The source is operated at a constant current of 2 A with an aluminum cathode and helium or argon as buffer gas at pressures of -1 hPa. The radiance of spectral lines in the wavelength range from 13 to 60 nm has been determined by comparison to the calculable spectral radiant power of the electron storage ring BESSY.An uncertainty of the order of 13% has been achieved for most of the investigated lines. The spectral emission is stable to better than 5% for an operating time of 30 h. An exchange of the cathode restores the original radiance.

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“…The Mn II spectrum was emitted by a high-current hollow cathode discharge lamp (Danzmann et al 1988) that had a cathode insert made of a 95% Mn and 5% Cu alloy. Either Ne or Ar was used as a carrier gas for the hollow cathode discharge.…”

Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy at TEXTOR

“…For the case of equal absolute densities of carbon and boron, the line intensity ratio predicted from the STRAHL modeling amounts I CIII,97.7nm 0I BIII,67.7nm ' 6.4. In the further analysis of the experimental data, we take into account the relative intensity calibration of the SPRED-A spectrometer, which was obtained by measuring spectra from a secondary standard laboratory discharge with tabulated line intensities, 21 yielding h 67.7nm 0h 97.7nm ' 2.8. In Fig.…”

High efficiency extreme ultraviolet overview spectrometer: Construction and laboratory testing

“…3 and no. 4 channels, a DC high -6 -current hollow cathode discharge 11,12 is used. This VUV light source has been calibrated absolutely as a secondary standard against synchrotron radiation and therefore it can be used for both wavelength calibration and intensity calibration 11,12 .…”

“…First, an absolute calibration will be performed, based on the tabulated intensities of the DC hollow cathode discharge 11,12 as well as on branching ratio data. Second, a full remote control system (SIMATIC) will be implemented, including the operation of the vacuum system, detectors, stepper motor control for entrance slits and filters as well as the temperature stabilization for the spectrometer ground plates.…”