High current, 0.5-MA, fast, 100-ns, linear transformer driver experiments

Mazarakis, M.G.; Fowler, William; Kim, Alexander; Sinebryukhov, V.A.; Rogowski, S.; Sharpe, R.A.; McDaniel, D. H.; Olson, Craig; Porter, J. L.; Struve, K. W.; Stygar, W. A.; Woodworth, J. R.

doi:10.1103/physrevstab.12.050401

Cited by 93 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The 0.44 lF, 100 kV, 15 nH plastic case capacitor (Fig. 7a) with flat terminal at the same end can be used for the compact Marx generator [7] and can also be used in linear transformer driver (LTD) after reducing its capacitance [8][9][10]. The double-ended capacitor in Fig.…”

Section: Low Inductance Plastic Case Capacitormentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Increase of Life in Five Kinds of High Energy Storage Capacitors

et al. 2015

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High-voltage high-current pulse power sources such as linear transformer driver, Marx generator and magnetically driven flyer device require that the capacitors have a long life and high reliability. To meet requirements, life tests of five capacitors which have been used in pulse power systems were carried out. A capacitor test facility capable of *3,000 shots/month, which is a portable highvoltage test facility designed primarily for testing high voltage capacitor that may be used in future, has been designed and operated. This paper summarizes the results of our lifetime testing of the selected five kinds of high energy storage low inductance capacitors. Different combinations of insulating mediums (polypropylene film and high quality capacitor paper) and impregnating agents (benzyl toluene and castor oil) were studied in order to optimize the structure of capacitors and improve performance of capacitors in future. The effects of high reversal on the lifetimes of capacitor for given insulating medium and impregnating agent show that the selected insulating medium and impregnating agent are suitable for capacitor working under high reversal. The life test data which shows that the design of these capacitors is successful may be combined to estimate the reliability of pulse power sources in the future. These work and results may give us some guidelines to design and apply a capacitor.Keywords Capacitors Á Long life Á Lifetime testing Á High reversal Á Insulating medium and impregnating agent Low Inductance Coaxial Terminal Metal Case CapacitorHigh voltage, low inductance energy storage capacitor with coaxial terminal is mainly used in pulse power sources such as Marx generator and magnetically driven flyer device. The ZR device in America [1, 2] uses such capacitor as the primary energy storage device. The 1.6 lF, 100 kV, 0.093 J/ ml, 200 kA design set the standard for metal case capacitor with a case size of 350 mm 9 350 mm 9 700 mm and an umbrella shaped insulator with coaxial terminal. The structure of this capacitor is similar to the capacitor described in [2,3].Most pulsed power capacitors have been built using discrete aluminum foil electrodes with a thickness ranging from about 4 microns (0.15 mil) to more than 12 microns (0.48 mil). Terminations are normally made by either soldering directly to extended foils or inserting flag-shaped taps during the winding process. Figure 1 shows two capacitors whose terminations are made by soldering directly to extended foils during the winding process. The main differences between the two capacitors in Fig. 1a (2013) and Fig. 1b (2014) are the materials of the umbrella shaped insulator and the configuration of the coaxial terminal. With the development of pulse power technology, the parameters of this capacitor improved from 1.5 lF, 100 kV, 0.20 J/ml, 25 nH, 250 kA (2013) to 1.5 lF, 100 kV, 0.21 J/ml, 20 nH, 250 kA (2014) and the size decreased from 272 mm 9 272 mm 9 550 mm to 267 mm 9 267 mm 9 545 mm.Current reversal is defined as the changing of the direction of c...

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Section: Low Inductance Plastic Case Capacitormentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Increase of Life in Five Kinds of High Energy Storage Capacitors

et al. 2015

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“…This unit is based on linear transformer driver (LTD) technology which is currently being considered as a basis for future ignition-scale pulsed-power devices [8], [9]. The device is highly compact, being approximately 1.2 m × 1.2 m × 0.25 m and comprises 12 × 20-nF capacitors grouped in blocks of three.…”

Section: Generatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Ablation Studies of Low-Number Wire Arrays at 200 kA Using A Linear Transformer Driver

Bott

Haas

Eshaq

et al. 2010

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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We present the preliminary results from the first ablation studies of wire-array z-pinches using a short-pulse linear transformer driver (LTD) providing a current of 200 kA in 150 ns. Laser imaging is used to recover the ablation-flare wavelength for comparison with previous studies and to provide quantitative information on the axial-density variation of this structure. The results are used to determine the general form of the variation of the ablation velocity in the axial direction, and fits to data can infer the range of values required to describe observed modulation. In addition, conical arrays demonstrate the formation and propagation of moderate atomic-number plasma jets comparable with those observed in mega-ampere experiments.Index Terms-Precursor plasma, wire ablation, wire-array z-pinch.

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“…An estimated inductance of the brick is about 270 nH which is the sum of the two capacitor inductances (60 nH), the switch inductance (120 nH), and the inductance of the circuit bushes (90 nH). Then according to the formula of a simple resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) circuit, t rise = 1.21(LC) 0.5 and R matched = (L/C) 0.5 Mazarakis et al, 2009), the rising time and matched load of the stage is, respectively, ∼89 ns and ∼0.11 Ω. …”

Section: Design Of Fast 01 Hz 800 Ka Ltd Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

A repetitive 800 kA linear transformer drivers stage for Z-pinch driven fusion-fission hybrid reactor

et al. 2015

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This paper presents the design and tests of a repetitive 800 kA fast linear transformer driver (LTD) stage aimed for the Zpinch driven fusion-fission hybrid reactor (Z-FFR).The LTD stage consists of 34 parallel basic resistor R, inductor L, and capacitor C (RLC) circuits each made up of two 100 kV/40 nF capacitors, a multi-stage gas switch and Metglas magnetic cores. The stage can deliver about 800 kA current pulse with rise time of 100 ns into the matched liquid resistive load at a repetitive frequency 0.1 Hz. A novel method to trigger the stage via a continuous internal trigger bus composed by a single cable has been proposed and demonstrated. The experimental results show that the new trigger method is feasible and reliable. A 140 kV, 25 ns rising time trigger pulse, and a 5.2 kA, 30 μs width pre-magnetization current pulse which can operate at a repetition rate 0.1 Hz were used in this stage to insure the LTD stage generating a 80 kV/800 kA current pulse every 10 s. A multi-stage gas switch that has a lifetime in excess of 10,000 shots and a jitter less than 3 ns one sigma agrees well with the demand of Z-FFR. The electrical behavior of the stage can be predicted from a simple RLC circuit, which can simplify the design of various LTD-based accelerators.

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High current, 0.5-MA, fast, 100-ns, linear transformer driver experiments

Cited by 93 publications

References 6 publications

Progress in the Increase of Life in Five Kinds of High Energy Storage Capacitors

Progress in the Increase of Life in Five Kinds of High Energy Storage Capacitors

Ablation Studies of Low-Number Wire Arrays at 200 kA Using A Linear Transformer Driver

A repetitive 800 kA linear transformer drivers stage for Z-pinch driven fusion-fission hybrid reactor

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