High-Contrast Plasmonic-Enhanced Shallow Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride for Quantum Sensing

Gao, Xingyu; Jiang, Boyang; Allcca, Andres E. Llacsahuanga; Shen, Kunhong; Sadi, Mohammad A.; Solanki, Abhishek; Ju, Peng; Xu, Zhujing; Upadhyaya, Pramey; Chen, Yong P.; Bhave, Sunil A.; Li, Tongcang

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02495

Cited by 96 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…We fit the ESR data with Eq.2 to extract the Hamiltonian parameters. Our measurements agree with previously reported [16,23,1,26] GS splitting parameters D gs = 3.48 ± 0.02 GHz and E gs = 48.0 ± 7.1 MHz, and establish the ES splitting parameters D es = 2.11 ± 0.03 GHz and E es = 74 ± 42 MHz. We also observe that g es ≈ g gs ≈ 2, which indicates that the orbital angular momentum does not play a significant role in the ES spin structure.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Interestingly, the wide bandgap 2D material hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), which has been known to host bright and stable single-photon emitting defects [17,18,19,20,21,22], is now also known to host spin-active defects that are addressable at room temperature [23,24,25,26,27]. Significant progress has been made in understanding the spin-active orbital ground-state (GS) of the negatively charged boron vacancy (V − B ) defect, which is an orbital-singlet and spin-triplet with zero-field electron spin-resonance at 3.5 GHz arising from spin-spin interactions [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Excited-state spin-resonance spectroscopy of V$_\text{B}^-$ defect centers in hexagonal boron nitride

Mathur,

Mukherjee,

Gao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The recently discovered spin-active boron vacancy (V − B ) defect center in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has high contrast optically-detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) at room-temperature, with a spin-triplet ground-state that shows promise as a quantum sensor. Here we report temperaturedependent ODMR spectroscopy to probe spin within the orbital excited-state. Our experiments determine the excited-state spin Hamiltonian, including a room-temperature zero-field splitting of 2.1 GHz and a g-factor similar to that of the ground-state. We confirm that the resonance is associated with spin rotation in the excited-state using pulsed ODMR measurements, and we observe Zeemanmediated level anti-crossings in both the orbital ground-and excited-state. Our observation of a single set of excited-state spin-triplet resonance from 10 to 300 K is consistent with an orbital-singlet, which has consequences for understanding the symmetry of this defect. Additionally, the excited-state ODMR has strong temperature dependence of both contrast and transverse anisotropy splitting, enabling promising avenues for quantum sensing.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excited-state spin-resonance spectroscopy of V$_\text{B}^-$ defect centers in hexagonal boron nitride

Mathur,

Mukherjee,

Gao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…On the other hand, Refs. [19,45] have reported the observation of a few µs-long coherence time in similar hBN samples. In these studies, the contrast of the echo signal was however very weak and the experimental data at short time time scale were not shown.…”

Section: < L a T E X I T S H A 1 _ B A S E 6 4 = " K Q 7 6 X T H F B ...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Decoherence of V$_{\rm B}^{-}$ spin defects in monoisotopic hexagonal boron nitride

Haykal,

Tanos,

Minotto

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are promising quantum systems for the design of flexible two-dimensional quantum sensing platforms. Here we rely on hBN crystals isotopically enriched with either 10 B or 11 B to investigate the isotope-dependent properties of a spin defect featuring a broadband photoluminescence signal in the near infrared. By analyzing the hyperfine structure of the spin defect while changing the boron isotope, we first unambiguously confirm that it corresponds to the negatively-charged boron-vacancy center (V − B ). We then show that its spin coherence properties are slightly improved in 10 B-enriched samples. This is supported by numerical simulations employing cluster correlation expansion methods, which reveal the importance of the hyperfine Fermi contact term for calculating the coherence time of point defects in hBN. Using crossrelaxation spectroscopy, we finally identify dark electron spin impurities as an additional source of decoherence. This work provides new insights into the properties of V − B spin defects, which are valuable for the future development of hBN-based quantum sensing foils.

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“…A spinmechanical system based on color centers in a suspended hBN mechanical resonator has been proposed [53,54], which can even simulate the Rabi model in the ultrastrong coupling regime. Very recently, optically addressable spin defects were observed in hBN [55][56][57]. As the DTC order has been found in N atoms in a lossy cavity [19][20][21], it is interesting to explore the DTC in such spin-optomechanical systems with incoherent noise (spin damping or dephasing).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of the Discrete Time-Crystalline Order in Spin-Optomechanical and Open Cavity QED Systems

Gao

2022

Photonics

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Discrete time crystals (DTC) have been demonstrated experimentally in several different quantum systems in the past few years. Spin couplings and cavity losses have been shown to play crucial roles for realizing DTC order in open many-body systems out of equilibrium. Recently, it has been proposed that eternal and transient DTC can be present with an open Floquet setup in the thermodynamic limit and in the deep quantum regime with few qubits, respectively. In this work, we consider the effects of spin damping and spin dephasing on the DTC order in spin-optomechanical and open cavity systems in which the spins can be all-to-all coupled. In the thermodynamic limit, it is shown that the existence of dephasing can destroy the coherence of the system and finally lead the system to its trivial steady state. Without dephasing, eternal DTC is displayed in the weak damping regime, which may be destroyed by increasing the all-to-all spin coupling or the spin damping. By contrast, the all-to-all coupling is constructive to the DTC in the moderate damping regime. We also focus on a model which can be experimentally realized by a suspended hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) membrane with a few spin color centers under microwave drive and Floquet magnetic field. Signatures of transient DTC behavior are demonstrated in both weak and moderate dissipation regimes without spin dephasing. Relevant experimental parameters are also discussed for realizing transient DTC order in such an hBN optomechanical system.

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High-Contrast Plasmonic-Enhanced Shallow Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride for Quantum Sensing

Cited by 96 publications

References 44 publications

Excited-state spin-resonance spectroscopy of V$_\text{B}^-$ defect centers in hexagonal boron nitride

Excited-state spin-resonance spectroscopy of V$_\text{B}^-$ defect centers in hexagonal boron nitride

Decoherence of V$_{\rm B}^{-}$ spin defects in monoisotopic hexagonal boron nitride

Stability of the Discrete Time-Crystalline Order in Spin-Optomechanical and Open Cavity QED Systems

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