High content predictive models and new alternative methods (NAMs) in the context of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) to assess arsenic toxicology

Schaefer, Kalli; Bansal, Benu; Singhal, Sonalika; Gill, Jappreet Singh; Singhal, Sandeep K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-89847-8.00027-4

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…AOP provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying the carcinogenic effects of Cd. AOP is a biological mechanism consisting of a series of cellular and molecular events required to demonstrate adverse outcomes (AOs) when an organism is exposed to a noxious substance such as Cd [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium-induced Carcinogenesis in Respiratory Organs and the Prostate: Insights from Three Perspectives on Toxicogenomic Approach

Lee,

Shin,

Jang

et al. 2023

J Cancer Prev

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Cadmium (Cd) exposure primarily occurs through inhalation, either by smoking or occupational exposure to contaminated air. Upon inhalation, Cd ultimately reaches the prostate through the bloodstream. In this review, we investigate the carcinogenic potential of Cd in both respiratory organs and the prostate. Specifically, this review examines cellular metabolism, comprehensive toxicity, and carcinogenic mechanisms by exploring gene ontology, biological networks, and adverse outcome pathways. In the respiratory organs, Cd induces lung cancer by altering the expression of IL1B and FGF2 , causing DNA damage, reducing cell junction integrity, and promoting apoptosis. In the prostate, Cd induces prostate cancer by modifying the expression of EDN1 and HMOX1 , leading to abnormal protein activities and maturation, suppressing tumor suppressors, and inducing apoptosis. Collectively, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the carcinogenic mechanisms of Cd in two different organs by adopting toxicogenomic approaches. These insights can serve as a foundation for further research on cadmium-induced cancer, contributing to the establishment of future cancer prevention strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%