High consistency mechano-enzymatic pretreatment for kraft fibres: effect of treatment consistency on fibre properties

Rahikainen, Jenni; Mattila, Outi; Maloney, Thaddeus; Lovikka, Ville; Kruus, Kristiina; Suurnäkki, Anna; Grönqvist, Stina

doi:10.1007/s10570-020-03123-8

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Huang et al 48 measured microscale interfiber friction between pulp fibers using AFM and noticed that the coefficient of friction increases with increasing fiber surface roughness. Recently, Rahikainen et al 18 showed that the extent of fiber modification during mixing is dependent on the solid content applied and the most effective conditions for the unraveling of the outer fiber surface was at a solid content of 20−25 wt %. Although the material was rather homogenous at the end of the treatment, some larger particles still remained.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We emphasize the novelty of the approach: in this process, the enzymes have an active role instead of only acting as pretreatment agents. The enzyme-assisted fibrillation is carried out at a significantly higher solid loading (25 wt %) when compared to the production of the conventional fibrillated nanocellulose grades, which are typically manufactured at 1–2 wt %. With respect to its dimensions, this novel nanocellulose grade can be categorized into CMFs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of High Solid Nanocellulose by Enzyme-Aided Fibrillation Coupled with Mild Mechanical Treatment

Pere

Tammelin

Niemi

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Plant-based cellulosic materials are intriguing building blocks for functional materials, and sustainable nanocellulose production strategies have been intensively explored. Most of the existing strategies, however, suffer from the fact that highly energy-intensive fiber fibrillation yields a nanocellulose gel containing more than 95% water. We showcase a high throughput production method for nanocellulose, which primarily exploits the efficiency of enzymatic actions to disintegrate pulp fibers at a notable high solid content (25 wt %) without the need for high shear disintegration. The main enzyme activity exploited was cellobiohydrolase with the aid of endoglucanase. A pastelike fibril network is postulated to be formed through a peeling-type of reaction induced by the combined action of the enzymes used and fiber−fiber friction, with a yield of approximately 85%. Based on scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses, the formed nanocellulose can be classified as microfibrillated cellulose (i.e., cellulose microfibrils). Solid-state NMR and X-ray diffraction investigations revealed that the fibril morphology remained mostly intact. Our intriguing finding of a fraction with nanosized rodlike cellulose particles shows the power of enzymes in nanocellulose production. Our approach to producing nanocellulose at a high solid content in a much less energy-intensive manner puts forward the sustainable production of nanocellulose.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of High Solid Nanocellulose by Enzyme-Aided Fibrillation Coupled with Mild Mechanical Treatment

Pere

Tammelin

Niemi

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The obtained materials were stored at 4°C until use in experiments. The wash water from the process was analyzed for carbohydrates using the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay of reducing sugars as suggested by Rahikainen et al (2020) and originally developed by Sumner and Noback (1924).…”

Section: Fibrillated Cellulose Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological behavior of high consistency enzymatically fibrillated cellulose suspensions

et al. 2021

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High-consistency processing of fibrillated cellulose materials is attractive for commercial applications due to potential for lowered production costs, energy savings and easier logistics. The current work investigated structure–property relationships of fibrillated cellulose suspensions produced at 20% consistency using VTT HefCel (High-consistency enzymatic fibrillation of cellulose) technology. Morphological examination of the fibrillated materials revealed that enzymatic action on the cellulose substrates was not a direct function of enzyme dosage but rather was dependent on the raw material composition. Furthermore, shear viscosity of the HefCel suspensions was found to decrease with increasing enzyme dosage while the water retention increased. The shear viscosity followed power law relationship with the power law index varying in the range 0.11–0.73. The shear-thinning behavior decreased with increasing consistency. Moreover, suspension viscosity ($$\upmu$$ μ ) was found to be highly dependent on the consistency ($$\mathrm{c})$$ c ) as $$\upmu \sim {\mathrm{c}}^{\mathrm{m}}$$ μ ∼ c m , with $$\mathrm{m}$$ m ranging from 2.75 to 4.31 for different samples. Yield stress (τy) of the HefCel suspensions was measured at 7 and 10% consistencies. The performance of the fibrillated cellulose grades in a typical application was demonstrated by casting films, which were characterized for their mechanical properties. Graphic abstract

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“…One of the promising technologies to overcome this effect is mechanoenzymology, which is a technology that combines mechanical and enzymatic treatments to enhance their joint impact on fiber reactivity [80]. Hammerer et al [74] reported approximately 90% yields of glucose and xylose monosaccharides with mechanoenzymatic saccharification.…”

Section: Mechanoenzymatic Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processes for the valorization of food and agricultural wastes to value-added products: recent practices and perspectives

Kover

Kraljić

Marinaro

et al. 2021

Syst Microbiol and Biomanuf

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Biorefineries contribute to a circular bioeconomy using renewable feedstock to produce commodity and specialty chemicals as an alternative to petroleum chemicals. Using waste streams such as food waste and agricultural waste as a feedstock for biorefineries is a promising approach for obtaining value-added products in an economically feasible and sustainable way. The conversion of biomass to chemicals offers diverse opportunities but poses new technological challenges. This paper aims to review the current state of food and agricultural waste valorisation by giving a brief technical overview, summarizing the current state of the bio-based market, and identifying the current barriers to scaling-up biorefineries. Utilizing lignocellulosic biomass in biorefineries calls for pre-treatment due to its complex structure, in which biomass is broken into monosaccharides, building blocks of value-added products. Different state of the art technologies for lignocellulose pre-treatment is introduced in the review followed by a brief explanation of the role of the hydrolysis and fermentation. The economic aspect of chemical production from biomass waste at an industrial scale is also introduced by giving an overview of some recent techno-economic studies.

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High consistency mechano-enzymatic pretreatment for kraft fibres: effect of treatment consistency on fibre properties

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Production of High Solid Nanocellulose by Enzyme-Aided Fibrillation Coupled with Mild Mechanical Treatment

Production of High Solid Nanocellulose by Enzyme-Aided Fibrillation Coupled with Mild Mechanical Treatment

Rheological behavior of high consistency enzymatically fibrillated cellulose suspensions

Processes for the valorization of food and agricultural wastes to value-added products: recent practices and perspectives

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