High concentrations of crude glycerin on ruminal parameters, microbial yield, and in vitro greenhouse gases production in dairy cows

Cleef, E. H. C. B. Van; Sancanari, Juliana Borsari Dourado; Silva, Z.F.; D’Áurea, André Pastori; Fávaro, Vanessa Ruiz; Cleef, F.O.S. van; Júnior, A.C. Homem

doi:10.1139/cjas-2015-0170

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The diets differed in pH end of incubation, however, not differ in the production of CH 4 and CO 2 produced in vitro (Table 1). This demonstrates that the inclusion of 10% glycerine in diet does not affect the production of CH 4 and CO 2 , contrary to the results of Van Cleef et al (2012) when evaluated in vitro production of greenhouse gases using different concentrations of crude glycerin (0; 7.5; 15; 22.5 and 30%) in cattle diets Nelore and noted that crude glycerine concentration independent decreased CH 4 and CO 2 , for 12 hours of incubation. Avila et al (2011) evaluating the in vitro production of diets containing up to 21% crude glycerine instead barley, found no effect on the generation of this gas.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 69%

Heritability for enteric methane emission from Danish Holstein cows using a non-invasive FTIR method

Lassen,

Løvendahl

2014

Book of Abstracts of the 65th Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production

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Introduction.Methane is an important atmospheric greenhouse gas. Around 500-600 Tg of CH 4 /yr is emitted globally. Of this, about 74% is biologically generated almost exclusively by methanogens that belong to the phylum Euryarchaeota and grouped under six orders. Ruminant methanogens generate 13-19% of global methane output which is the largest of anthropogenic emissions. Among the rumen methanogens, Rumen Cluster 'C' (RCC), an unclassified and uncultured archaeal clade, represents 15.8-80.9% of rumen archaea (Janssen and Kirs, 2008), which has the potential to contribute significantly to ruminant derived methane. Phylogenetically, RCC distantly affiliate to a non-methanogenic order -Thermoplasmatales. Analysis of 16S rDNA identified members of RCC in diverse habitats including digestive tracts of insects, birds, cattle, pigs, camels, macropod marsupials and man. However, their position as methanogens was unresolved because of a lack of pure cultures, despite methane producing, non-axenic archaeal cultures being enriched from these sites. Here, we report the isolation and characterisation of the first methanogen from the RCC clade, strain DOK-1 in pure culture, that in turn could help understand the role of this large group in the rumen. We propose the nomenclature Methanoplasma gallocaecorum strain DOK-1, for this novel methanogen. Material and methodsCaecal contents from broiler chickens were anaerobically pooled and inoculated into 10 ml Balch tubes containing anaerobic BRN enrichment media (Rea et al., 2007). Methylotrophic methanogens were enriched by adding methanol, mono-, di-and trimethylamine HCl. Cultures were grown at 39 o C under 150 kPa of 80:20 H 2 :CO 2 and monitored for CH 4 production by GC and sub-cultured every 3-5 days for several transfers. Cultures of a 10-fold serial dilution with CH 4 production at the highest dilution were further purified by antibiotics. Methanogens were also monitored by phase-contrast microscopy and a qPCR using mcrA and total bacterial primers. Finally, a persistent bi-culture consisting of a methanogen and a bacterium was obtained. Isolation was achieved by inoculation of serial dilutions of cultures into agarose containing solid media. Several, single colonies were picked and cultured in liquid media to determine purity. Genomic DNA from these cultures were amplified using archaeal 16S primers 86F-1340R; direct sequencing of PCR products confirmed sequence alignment with Thermoplasmatales affiliated novel methanogens. Nutritional and physiological requirements and morphologic features of the isolate were studied; cells in late exponential phase were freeze-dried, fixed and analysed by transmission electron microscopy. Results and ConclusionCells did not fluoresce under UV and appeared round (cocci) by both phase contrast and TEM microscopy measuring ~650-1200 nm in diameter. They are non-motile and non-flagellated with a fragile proteinaceous cell wall with no detectable S-layer. EM showed a delicate cell wall, a simple plasma membrane and a nondescript cytoplasm o...

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 69%

Heritability for enteric methane emission from Danish Holstein cows using a non-invasive FTIR method

Lassen,

Løvendahl

2014

Book of Abstracts of the 65th Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production

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“…Lo anterior dado a que podría generar alteraciones metabólicas, a partir de la fermentación en el rumen, modificando la síntesis de ácidos grasos de cadena corta, principalmente a propiónico y butírico. Es así, caso de la acidosis ruminal, en donde se produce en su mayoría ácido propiónico, modificando la sinergia ruminal con la reducción en la disponibilidad de ácido acético y butírico y presentando una disminución del pH (Rémond et al, 1993;Leão et al, 2012;Vinhas y Rondina, 2013;Van-Cleef et al, 2014;2016).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Glicerol: suplemento alimenticio y su respuesta en bovinos de leche

et al. 2020

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Introducción. Las tecnologías de producción animal han permitido la utilización eficiente de recursos alimenticios para satisfacer las necesidades nutricionales y generar alimento para la población humana. Fuentes alternativas de alimentación en rumiantes han sido utilizadas para el incremento de los indicadores productivos y reproductivos. La expansión del área sembrada con palma de aceite (Elaeis guineensis) destinada a la producción de biodiesel como fuente de energía renovable, ha favorecido el desarrollo de procesos agroindustriales mediante la generación de subproductos, como el glicerol, que por su efecto glucogénico, podría ser considerado como fuente energética alternativa. Objetivo. Fundamentar el efecto nutricional del glicerol como suplemento alimenticio sobre la respuesta en bovinos de leche. Desarrollo. Estudios han reportado efectos benéficos del uso de glicerol como terapia en la prevención de trastornos metabólicos asociados al período de transición, caracterizado por deficiencias y desequilibrios nutricionales. Diversos resultados han mostrado que su respuesta está asociada con el nivel de inclusión (5 a 12 % MS) en la dieta y la tasa de desaparición a nivel ruminal, que incide sobre la ingesta. Su composición varía de acuerdo con la calidad de la materia prima (grado de impurezas), lo que podría considerarse como inseguro para su suministro. Las fuentes energéticas han mostrado un efecto favorable sobre la respuesta reproductiva expresada por el incremento de la tasa de ovulación, el mejoramiento en la modulación de la síntesis de prostaglandina uterina, mejor calidad de los ovocitos, mayor competencia en el desarrollo embrionario e incremento en las tasas de concepción, en las que el uso de glicerol podría ser asociado. Conclusión. El glicerol podría ser considerado como ingrediente esencial en dietas alimenticias por su alto valor energético y efecto benéfico sobre los indicadores productivos y reproductivos, sin embargo, es necesario ampliar su estudio.

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“…The glycerol (main constituent of crude glycerin) can be converted to glucose by the liver and kidneys to provide energy for cellular metabolism. In ruminants, the glycerol is fermented in the rumen into short chain fatty acids, mainly to propionic and butyric [ 6 ]. Recent studies have demonstrated that the inclusion of this by-product has effects on carcass grade [ 4 – 7 ], increases the intramuscular fat and oleic acid content [ 8 ], decreases myristic, palmitic and stearic acids in Longissimus muscle [ 9 ], increases the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content and conjugated linoleic acid content [ 10 ], decreases saturated fatty acid and increases unsaturated and odd-chain fatty acid contents [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary inclusion of high concentrations of crude glycerin on meat quality and fatty acid profile of feedlot fed Nellore bulls

et al. 2017

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Crude glycerin, the main by-product of biodiesel production, can replace dietary energy sources, such as corn. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of up to 30% of crude glycerin in dry matter (DM) of the total diets, and its effects on meat quality parameters of feedlot Nellore bulls. Thirty animals (227.7 ± 23.8 kg body weight; 18 months old) were housed in individual pens and fed 5 experimental diets, containing 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 or 30% crude glycerin (DM basis). After 103 d (21 d adaptation) animals were slaughtered and the Longissimus muscle was collected. The characteristics assessed were chemical composition, fatty acid profile, cholesterol, shear force, pH, color, water-holding capacity, cooking loss and sensory properties. The increasing inclusion of crude glycerin in the diets did not affect the chemical composition of the Longissimus muscle (P > 0.10). A quadratic effect was observed when levels of crude glycerin were increased, on the concentration of pentadecanoic, palmitoleic and eicosenoic fatty acids in meat (P < 0.05), and on the activity of the delta-9 desaturase 16 and delta-9 desaturase 18 enzymes (P < 0.05). The addition of crude glycerin increased the gamma linolenic fatty acid concentration (P < 0.01), and altered the monounsaturated fatty acids in Longissimus muscle of animals (Pquad. < 0.05). Crude glycerin decreased cholesterol content in meat (P < 0.05), and promoted higher flavor score and greasy intensity perception of the meat (P < 0.01). The inclusion of up to 30% crude glycerin in Nellore cattle bulls`diets (DM basis) improves meat cholesterol and sensory attributes, such as flavor, without affecting significantly the physical traits, the main fatty acid concentrations and the chemical composition.

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High concentrations of crude glycerin on ruminal parameters, microbial yield, and in vitro greenhouse gases production in dairy cows

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Heritability for enteric methane emission from Danish Holstein cows using a non-invasive FTIR method

Heritability for enteric methane emission from Danish Holstein cows using a non-invasive FTIR method

Glicerol: suplemento alimenticio y su respuesta en bovinos de leche

Effects of dietary inclusion of high concentrations of crude glycerin on meat quality and fatty acid profile of feedlot fed Nellore bulls

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