High-cholesterol Diets Induce Changes in Lipid Composition of Rat Erythrocyte Membrane Including Decrease in Cholesterol, Increase in α-Tocopherol and Changes in Fatty Acids of Phospholipids

Shiro, Motoo; Ohnishi, Yasushi; Kaji, Yuichi; Maruyama, Tadashi; Murakami, Kaori; Tsutsui, Koichiro; Fujino, Takehiko

doi:10.1271/bbb.67.1457

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…In vivo experiments in other species have confirmed a rise in vitamin E levels as a consequence of a high-fat/ high-cholesterol diet (48) . The most likely reason for this increase in vitamin E is probably the dietary composition itself rather than a change in redox balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

High dietary fat and cholesterol exacerbates chronic vitamin C deficiency in guinea pigs

et al. 2010

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Vitamin C deficiency -or hypovitaminosis C defined as a plasma concentration below 23 mM -is estimated to affect hundreds of millions of people in the Western world, in particular subpopulations of low socio-economic status that tend to eat diets of poor nutritional value. Recent studies by us have shown that vitamin C deficiency may result in impaired brain development. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate if a poor diet high in fat and cholesterol affects the vitamin C status of guinea pigs kept on either sufficient or deficient levels of dietary ascorbate (Asc) for up to 6 months with particular emphasis on the brain. The present results show that a high-fat and cholesterol diet significantly decreased the vitamin C concentrations in the brain, irrespective of the vitamin C status of the animal (P,0·001). The brain Asc oxidation ratio only depended on vitamin C status (P, 0·0001) and not on the dietary lipid content. In plasma, the levels of Asc significantly decreased when vitamin C in the diet was low or when the fat/cholesterol content was high (P,0·0001 for both). The Asc oxidation ratio increased both with low vitamin C and with high fat and cholesterol content (P,0·0001 for both). We show here for the first time that vitamin C homoeostasis of brain is affected by a diet rich in fat and cholesterol. The present findings suggest that this type of diet increases the turnover of Asc; hence, individuals consuming high-lipid diets may be at increased risk of vitamin C deficiency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

High dietary fat and cholesterol exacerbates chronic vitamin C deficiency in guinea pigs

et al. 2010

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“…As semi‐purified diets are generally favoured because they provide more uniformity and reproducibility, we used semi‐purified diet in our study. There are several studies reported in the literature using semi‐synthetic diets for various experimental purposes in various experimental animal models (Camacho et al, ; Chan, ; Del Bas et al, ; Horton, Cuthbert, & Spady, ; Kang, Shin, Park, & Lee, ; Kopeć & Leszczyńska, ; Krasnow, Nguyen, & Marks, ; Mawatari et al, ; Muga & Chao, ; Rousseaux, Schiefer, & Hancock, ; Wang, Jones, Pischel, & Fairow, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cornstarch as a source of carbohydrate is commonly used for many of the studies using semi‐synthetic diets in rats and mice (Annapurna et al, ; Camacho et al, ; Del Bas et al, ; Kang et al, ; Kopeć & Leszczyńska, ; Krasnow et al, ; Mawatari et al, ; Rousseaux et al, ; Venu et al, ). In studies carried out in rats, although two widely used control diets, a semi‐purified diet (SD) or chow‐based diet (ND) produced very different outcomes in the lipid metabolism of lactating rats and their offspring, energy intakes, growth and fertility were not affected (Del Bas et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi‐synthetic diet versus diet using natural ingredients—Comparative study in female Golden Syrian hamsters

Mohammed

Hemalatha

Qadri

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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| INTRODUC TI ONLaboratory animals invariably serve as the basis for all scientific discoveries and technological advancements in the medical field including almost all medical knowledge, treatment regimes and medical device development. Proper selection of animal model for research is the key factor for extrapolation of animal research findings to humans, thus helping to improve the lives of people and other animals (Rand, 2008). Of the several factors that influence reproducibility of results, diet is an important environmental factor besides microbiological and genetic factors that affect reproduction, growth, disease and responses of laboratory animals to scientific manipulation. AbstractSemi-synthetic diets (SSD) are recommended and are widely used to carry out experiments in rodents. However, in our experiments planned to carry out generation studies in female Golden Syrian hamsters using semi-synthetic diets, it was observed that the hamsters did not conceive as a result of decreased food intake. In this paper, we present the effects of both semi-synthetic diets and natural source diets (NSD) on food intake, body weight and reproductive performance of this species. Four-weekold female hamsters were equally divided into 3 groups and initially acclimatized for 2 weeks on natural chow diet (NCD). Thereafter, they were fed either control diet, high fat diet (HFD) or low protein diet (LPD) based on semi-synthetic/natural source ingredients until 12 weeks. Daily food intake and weekly body weights were monitored. Hamsters were kept for mating for about 2 weeks from 10th week onwards, during which the pregnancy confirmation test was done using standard vaginal smear examination. In all the groups fed SSD, the food intake was very poor, hamsters lost body weight and did not conceive, thus preventing us from carrying out further experiments. Hamsters fed NCD/NSD ingested more than twice as much as hamsters fed SSD (7-8 g/day/hamster against 3 g/day/hamster on average respectively).Based on the results of the current research, we conclude that the routinely used semi-synthetic diet is not suitable for carrying out studies in female hamsters. We suggest that scientists must also consider the unusual biological characteristics of a given species besides other biological factors. It is therefore critical to select appropriate biological models and diets that provide optimal sensitivity and specificity to accomplish the research objectives. K E Y W O R D Sbody weights, female hamsters, food intake, natural source diet, reproductive performance, semi-synthetic diet

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“…The total serum cholesterol levels required >150 mg/dL to affect the differences in hemoglobin levels. Matawari et al [21] showed that the serum cholesterol levels significantly increased in rats that were fed the diet containing 0.5% cholesterol and 0.15% sodium cholate; however, hematological parameters were not determined in these rats. Westerman et al [22] measured hematological parameters after feeding rabbits a diet containing 5% cholesterol and found that blood conditions were biphasic before and after 5 weeks of feeding.…”

Section: Associations Between Total Serum Cholesterol Levels and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive Serum Cholesterol Detection Using Near-infrared Light Transmission

Shimawaki

Kobayashi²,

Nakabayashi³

et al. 2014

BER

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Abstract-This paper investigated whether a simple, non-invasive blood vessel visualization technique using near-infrared light is suitable for determining serum cholesterol levels. Six-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 10/group) and were fed either control diet alone or control diet with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.25%, 1.5%, or 2.0% cholesterol for 8 weeks. A cuff was subsequently placed on the proximal part of the tail (cuff pressure, 80 mmHg), the tail distal to the compression site was exposed to near-infrared light (wavelength, 850 nm), and transmitted light was photographed. Near-infrared transmission images were acquired before and after cuff inflation, and hemoglobin and haematocrit levels in veins distal to the compression site were determined. Increased dietary cholesterol levels resulted in increased total serum cholesterol levels. Before cuff inflation, rats that were fed the 2.0% cholesterol diet had significantly lower hemoglobin levels than those that fed the control diet (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in hemoglobin and haematocrit levels at 5 min after cuff inflation. From the association between total serum cholesterol levels and differences in hemoglobin levels, the differences in hemoglobin levels were almost constant when total serum cholesterol levels increased to near 150 mg/dL, but the differences significantly elevated at total serum cholesterol levels >150 mg/dL (r = 0.449, P < 0.001). The correlation between total serum cholesterol levels and relative changes in near-infrared light transmission significantly adhered to that between total serum cholesterol levels and differences in hemoglobin levels (r = 0.452, P < 0.005). At total serum cholesterol levels >150 mg/dL, increased cholesterol levels affected erythrocyte membranes and probably reduced their deformability, resulting in decreased hemoglobin levels (anemia) with erythrocyte destruction in the spleen as the rate-determining factor. This decrease was detected as changes in near-infrared light transmission.

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High-cholesterol Diets Induce Changes in Lipid Composition of Rat Erythrocyte Membrane Including Decrease in Cholesterol, Increase in α-Tocopherol and Changes in Fatty Acids of Phospholipids

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

High dietary fat and cholesterol exacerbates chronic vitamin C deficiency in guinea pigs

High dietary fat and cholesterol exacerbates chronic vitamin C deficiency in guinea pigs

Semi‐synthetic diet versus diet using natural ingredients—Comparative study in female Golden Syrian hamsters

Non-invasive Serum Cholesterol Detection Using Near-infrared Light Transmission

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