High case‐rate Equine herpesvirus‐1 abortion outbreak in vaccinated polo mares in Argentina

Barrandeguy, María Eugenia; Lascombes, F.; Llorente, Jesús; Houssay, H.; Férnandez, Francisco Tomás González

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3292.2002.tb00156.x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Barrandeguy et al 19 Case report describing vaccine efficacy during an outbreak of abortion attributed to EHV-1 infection at two geographically separated breeding farms and an equine reproductive center in Argentina.…”

Section: Study Study Description Vaccine Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccination for the prevention of equine herpesvirus‐1 disease in domesticated horses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Osterrieder,

Dorman,

Burgess

et al. 2023

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundEquine herpes virus type 1 (EHV‐1) infection in horses is associated with respiratory and neurologic disease, abortion, and neonatal death.HypothesisVaccines decrease the occurrence of clinical disease in EHV‐1‐infected horses.MethodsA systematic review was performed searching multiple databases to identify relevant studies. Selection criteria were original peer‐reviewed research reports that investigated the in vivo use of vaccines for the prevention of disease caused by EHV‐1 in domesticated horses. Main outcomes of interest included pyrexia, abortion, neurologic disease, viremia, and nasal shedding. We evaluated risk of bias, conducted exploratory meta‐analyses of incidence data for the main outcomes, and performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for each vaccine subtype.ResultsA total of 1018 unique studies were identified, of which 35 met the inclusion criteria. Experimental studies accounted for 31/35 studies, with the remainder being observational studies. Eight vaccine subclasses were identified including commercial (modified‐live, inactivated, mixed) and experimental (modified‐live, inactivated, deletion mutant, DNA, recombinant). Risk of bias was generally moderate, often because of underreporting of research methods, and sample sizes were small leading to imprecision in the estimate of the effect size. Several studies reported either no benefit or minimal vaccine efficacy for the primary outcomes of interest. Meta‐analyses revealed significant heterogeneity was present, and our confidence in the quality of evidence for most outcomes was low to moderate.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOur review indicates that commercial and experimental vaccines minimally reduce the incidence of clinical disease associated with EHV‐1 infection.

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Section: Study Study Description Vaccine Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies 9,[19][20][21] were identified that involved natural infection with EHV-1 (Table 1). Vaccines were unidentified in 2 of the studies, 9,19 and relative risks could not be calculated from the presented data. These studies were not incorporated into our subsequent synthesis of the results.…”

Section: Observational Studies With Natural Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination for the prevention of equine herpesvirus‐1 disease in domesticated horses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Osterrieder,

Dorman,

Burgess

et al. 2023

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Not surprisingly, in one case, the introduced horses were serologically tested and found EHV‐1 negative (Barbic et al, 2012). Lower prevalence of abortion, below 30%, was found in vaccinated mares, but vaccination did not totally prevent abortion (Frymus et al, 1986; Barrandeguy et al, 2002; Sutton et al, 2019). It is important to note that a proportion of EHV‐1‐associated abortions can occur without infecting the fetus, leading to an underestimated prevalence of abortion caused by EHV‐1, when the diagnosis is performed only on the aborted fetus and not on the mare (Smith et al, 1992; Paillot et al, 2008).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): infection with Equine Herpesvirus‐1

Nielsen¹,

Álvarez²,

Bicout³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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Equine Herpesvirus‐1 infection has been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of: Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on the eligibility of the disease to be listed, Article 9 for the categorisation of the disease according to disease prevention and control measures as in Annex IV and Article 8 on the list of animal species related to Equine Herpesvirus‐1 infection. The assessment has been performed following a methodology composed of information collection and compilation, and expert judgement on each criterion at individual and collective level. The outcome is the median of the probability ranges provided by the experts, which indicates whether the criterion is fulfilled (66–100%) or not (0–33%), or whether there is uncertainty about fulfilment (33–66%). For the questions where no consensus was reached, the different supporting views are reported. According to the assessment performed, Equine Herpesvirus‐1 infection can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention according to Article 5 of the Animal Health Law with 33–90% certainty. According to the criteria as in Annex IV of the AHL related to Article 9 of the AHL for the categorisation of diseases according to the level of prevention and control, it was assessed with less than 1% certainty that EHV‐1 fulfils the criteria as in Section 1 (category A), 1–5% for the criteria as in Section 2 (category B), 10–66% for the criteria as in Section 3 (category C), 66–90% for the criteria as in Section 4 (category D) and 33–90% for the criteria as in Section 5 (category E). The animal species to be listed for EHV‐1 infection according to Article 8(3) criteria are the species belonging to the families of Equidae, Bovidae, Camelidae, Caviidae, Cervidae, Cricetidae, Felidae, Giraffidae, Leporidae, Muridae, Rhinocerontidae, Tapiridae and Ursidae.

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“…Methods to suppress the hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal (HPG) axis in stallions with resultant suppression of androgen and estrogen production have been examined for different reasons including elimination of the carrier state of equine arteritis virus (EAV) and alteration of sexual/ aggressive behavior. Over the last decade, equine viral arteritis outbreaks on different continents acted to reemphasize the important epidemiologic role that persistently infected carrier stallions play in the dissemination of EAV through infective semen [1][2][3][4]. Persistent infection with EAV is androgen dependent [5][6][7], and removal of endogenous testosterone results in termination of the persistent carrier state [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible downregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in stallions with a novel GnRH antagonist

et al. 2016

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High case‐rate Equine herpesvirus‐1 abortion outbreak in vaccinated polo mares in Argentina

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Vaccination for the prevention of equine herpesvirus‐1 disease in domesticated horses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Vaccination for the prevention of equine herpesvirus‐1 disease in domesticated horses: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): infection with Equine Herpesvirus‐1

Reversible downregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in stallions with a novel GnRH antagonist

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