High burden of previously undiagnosed HIV infections and gaps in HIV care cascade for conflict-affected female sex workers in northern Uganda

Goldenberg, Shira M.; Muzaaya, Godfrey; Akello, Monica; Braschel, Melissa; Birungi, Josephine; Shannon, Kate

doi:10.1177/0956462418804658

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Initiate widespread testing for all people at risk of HIV infection by risk behaviour and HIV indicator conditions 47,[59][60][61] Free and widely available HIV testing services including in countries welcoming refugees with good accessible health-care services; HIV testing destigmatisation; specific focus risk assessment of non-traditional key populations such as soldiers and people who have been in contact with injured people; resources (HIV rapid tests) available…”

Section: Hiv Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For adult men and women at risk of sexual violence, similar support is needed. Failure to provide help here will lead to higher HIV burdens in transgender people and women and men at risk of sexual violence, sex work, 49,51,58,59 and more transactional sex among younger people. 48,52 As soon as possible, pregnant women with HIV will need additional multidisciplinary management in addition to the minimum care provided already in the immediate phase.…”

Section: Urgent Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Unified European support framework to sustain the HIV cascade of care for people living with HIV including in displaced populations of war-struck Ukraine

et al. 2022

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Section: Hiv Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Urgent Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Unified European support framework to sustain the HIV cascade of care for people living with HIV including in displaced populations of war-struck Ukraine

et al. 2022

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“…In our review, studies used non-probability sampling, limiting their ability to make causal claims and to generalize their findings to the broader population [32][33][34][35]. For example, studies that only recruit women seeking care in primary health settings may lead to selection bias [36][37][38].…”

Section: Discussion Of Measurement Methods Usedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tools for measuring gender equality and women’s empowerment (GEWE) indicators in humanitarian settings

et al. 2021

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Background Effective measurement of Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment (GEWE) is challenging in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), and even more so in humanitarian settings. Conflict, natural disasters, and epidemics may increase gender inequities, but also present an opportunity to address them. This scoping review describes and identifies gaps in the measurement tools, methods, and indicators used to measure GEWE in humanitarian settings, and presents a dashboard that can be used by researchers, organizations and governments to identify GEWE measurement tools. Methods Scientific articles published between January 2004 and November 2019 were identified using Embase, Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Scopus, and PAIS index. Relevant non peer-reviewed literature was downloaded from the websites of humanitarian organizations. Publications on women and/or girls impacted by a humanitarian crisis in a LMIC, within 5 years of data collection, were included. Publications were double-screened in the title/abstract and full-text stages. We used a machine learning software during the title/abstract screening to increase the efficiency of the process. Measurement tools, sampling and data collection methods, gap areas (geographical, topical and contextual), and indicators were catalogued for easy access in an interactive Tableau dashboard. Results Our search yielded 27,197 publications and 2396 non peer-reviewed literature reports. One hundred and seventy publications were included in the final review. Extracted indicators were categorized into seven domains: economic, health, human development, leadership, psychological, security and justice, and sociocultural. The vast majority of studies were observational, and over 70% utilized a cross-sectional study design. Thirty-eight toolkits and questionnaires were identified in this review, of which 19 (50%) were designed specifically for humanitarian settings. Sociocultural was the largest domain in number of studies and indicators in this review, with gender-based violence indicators reported in 66% of studies. Indicators of economic, human development and leadership were uncommon in the peer-reviewed literature. Discussion While there has been some effort to measure GEWE in conflict-affected and other humanitarian settings, measurement has largely focused on violence and security issues. A more comprehensive framework for measuring GEWE in these settings is needed; objective measurement of women’s empowerment and gender equality should be prioritized by organizations providing humanitarian aid.

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The Epidemiology of HIV Among Sex Workers Around the World: Implications for Research, Programmes, and Policy

Viswasam

Rivera²,

Comins

et al. 2021

Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights

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Globally, sex workers of all genders and identities continue to face disproportionately high burdens of HIV, demonstrating the need for programmes better tailoring services to their unmet needs. The reasons for this high burden are complex, intersecting across behavioural, social, and structural realities experienced by sex workers. Here, we build on systematic reviews of HIV among sex workers and case studies rooted in sex workers’ lived experience to describe: (1) the global HIV burden among sex workers; (2) the factors and determinants that influence the HIV burden; (3) intervention coverage and gaps to reduce HIV-related inequities faced by sex workers, over the past decade.Sex workers living with HIV have not benefited enough from significant increases in HIV treatment among the general population. Engagement in this HIV treatment cascade is hindered by structural factors including stigma, migration, policing, criminalisation, and violence, as well as substance use, which present increasingly concurrent risks with HIV among sex workers.Emerging biomedical HIV prevention innovations exist to support the health and human rights of sex workers and reduce onward transmission risk, but persistent data gaps remain, and should be addressed via community-driven implementation research. Epidemiologic research engaging sex workers who are cismen and transgender persons is similarly crucial. Community empowerment approaches have reduced the odds of HIV infection, highlighting the case for greater investments in structural interventions. These investments, combined with filling data gaps and national action towards sex work decriminalisation alongside legal protections, are critical to achieving reductions in sex workers’ HIV burden.

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High burden of previously undiagnosed HIV infections and gaps in HIV care cascade for conflict-affected female sex workers in northern Uganda

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Unified European support framework to sustain the HIV cascade of care for people living with HIV including in displaced populations of war-struck Ukraine

Unified European support framework to sustain the HIV cascade of care for people living with HIV including in displaced populations of war-struck Ukraine

Tools for measuring gender equality and women’s empowerment (GEWE) indicators in humanitarian settings

The Epidemiology of HIV Among Sex Workers Around the World: Implications for Research, Programmes, and Policy

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