High Blood Pressure and 17-Year Cancer Mortality in the Western Electric Health Study1

Raynor, William J.; Shekelle, Richard B.; Rossof, Arthur H.; Maliza, Carol; Paul, Oglesby

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113105

Cited by 62 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…The association between hypertension and RCC is unlikely to be the consequence of renal cancer as subjects who were diagnosed with hypertension 20 or more years before cancer diagnosis still experienced a statistically significant twofold elevation in risk. This is not a novel finding as numerous case-control and cohort studies have also observed this relationship (Raynor et al, 1981;Grove et al, 1991;Kreiger et al, 1993;Heath et al, 1997). Diabetes and stroke, which are known to be related to obesity and hypertension, were also associated with RCC risk in our study, but these associations disappeared after adjustment for obesity and history of hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Hypertension, obesity and their medications in relation to renal cell carcinoma

Castelao²,

et al. 1998

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Summary A population-based, case-control study was conducted in Los Angeles County, California, to investigate the inter-relationships of obesity, hypertension and medications in relation to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk. A total of 1204 RCC patients and an equal number of neighbourhood controls were included. Obesity was a strong risk factor for RCC. A fourfold increase in risk was observed for those with usual body mass index (kg m-2) of . 30 vs <22. A history of hypertension was another strong, independent risk factor for RCC [odds ratio (OR) = 2.2; 95% confidence interval (Cl) = 1.8, 2.6]. There was little evidence that use of diuretics was directly related to RCC development.Use of diuretics for reasons other than hypertension (primarily for weight control) was unrelated to risk among self-reported normotensive subjects (OR = 1.2; 95% Cl = 0.7, 2.2). Among hypertensive subjects, heavy users of diuretics experienced similar risk as light users (OR = 0.9 among subjects with lifetime dose of . 137 g compared with those with lifetime dose of < 43 g). Similarly, normotensive subjects who took non-diuretic antihypertensives regularly showed no increased risk for RCC (OR = 1.1; 95% Cl = 0.6-1.8), and intake among hypertensive subjects did not further increase their risk. Regular use of amphetamine-containing diet pills was associated with a twofold increase in RCC risk (95% Cl = 1.4-2.8) and the risk increased with increasing dose of amphetamines. However, the fraction of cases possibly related to this exposure is small (population-attributable risk = 5%).Keywords: kidney cancer; obesity; hypertension; diuretics; antihypertensives; amphetamines In 1986, we reported that use of diuretics and diet pills might be related to risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (Yu et al, 1986). The two common indications for use of diuretics and diet pills (i.e. hypertension and obesity) were also positively related to RCC in that study. The association between hypertension and RCC in women was attenuated after adjustment for diuretic use, whereas the latter remained a strong risk factor for RCC after adjustment for history of hypertension. However, the crude assessment of medication history raised concern regarding the validity of those findings. History of diuretic use was assessed through a single question, 'Have you ever taken diuretics for 6 weeks or longer, either continuously or during any one year?' and use of diet pills was abstracted from response to the open-ended question, 'Have you ever taken any other medications for 6 weeks or longer, either continuously or during any one year?'Given that diuretics and certain types of diet pills are known to have biological actions on the renal epithelium and that the former, in particular, is an extremely heavily prescribed medication, it is important to establish if use of diuretics and/or diet pills, and the conditions (hypertension and/or obesity) that call for their use, are independently related to risk of RCC. We report here a case-control study that was designed specifically t...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Hypertension, obesity and their medications in relation to renal cell carcinoma

Castelao²,

et al. 1998

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“…25 Epidemiologically, there have been several prospective studies reporting hypertension as a significant risk factor for cancer. [6][7][8][9][10] Clinically, many investigators have reported observational studies suggesting a relation between hypertension and cancer in the past 20 years. 5 This relation is, however, not yet clearly confirmed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 In fact, in some prospective cohort studies, a modest direct association between blood pressure levels and the overall risk of death from cancer has been reported. [6][7][8][9][10] In addition, two reports described a somewhat greater incidence of cancer among patients receiving treatment with a calcium antagonist than among others in the population studied. 11,12 Some investigators argued that this result may have been affected by confounding factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Hypertension is associated with a high risk of cancer

Xie

Ke-gui

et al. 1999

J Hum Hypertens

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To investigate the possible relationship between hypertension and cancer, a retrospective analysis was carried out using a database including 1225 cases, of which 552 were hypertensives and 673 normotensives. Seventy cases of cancers with different origins were found during a 17-year follow-up. Odds ratio (OR) for occurrence of cancer was calculated. It was shown that an age over 40 years, male sex, alcohol-taking, systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP/DBP) were the five risk factors for the occurrence of cancers, while occupation, smoking, body mass index, left ventricular hypertrophy, and antihypertensive medication had no effect on cancer incidence. Hypertensives were at a high risk of overall cancer incidence with OR 2.2 (P Ͻ 0.01). After stratification of age, OR for hypertensives aged 40-49 years old with SBP у140 mm Hg or DBP у90mm Hg was 3.18 and 2.98

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“…Desta forma, ainda que com uma amostra reduzida, não aleatória, observamos uma maior freqüência de tumores dos tratos digestivo, respiratório e genitourinário, localizações freqüentes de câncer ocupacional, por tratarem-se de áreas de entrada ou eliminação de agentes químicos cancerí-genos 7,8,14 .…”

Section: * Em Estudo Recentemente Realizado Pelo Departamento De Servunclassified

Mortalidade e acidentes de trabalho na indústria elétrica

1983

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RESUMO: Foram estudados, durante 1980, o risco de morte e os acidentes de trabalho na indústria elétrica do Rio de Janeiro, observando-se elevado coeficiente de mortalidade padronizado por idade nos eletricitários assim como elevada mortalidade proporcional por neoplasias. A análise dos acidentes de trabalho do ramo mostrou elevada taxa de freqüência e um sub-registro importante dos acidentes sem afastamento do trabalho, uma possível relação dos acidentes com a continuidade da jornada de trabalho e uma maior freqüência dos acidentes sob responsabilidade virtual da empresa. UNITERMOS:

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High Blood Pressure and 17-Year Cancer Mortality in the Western Electric Health Study1

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Hypertension, obesity and their medications in relation to renal cell carcinoma

Hypertension, obesity and their medications in relation to renal cell carcinoma

Hypertension is associated with a high risk of cancer

Mortalidade e acidentes de trabalho na indústria elétrica

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