High baseline body mass index predicts recovery of CD4+ T lymphocytes for HIV/AIDS patients receiving long-term antiviral therapy

Zhu, Jiawen; Huang, Haimei; Wang, Min; Zhang, Yun; Mo, Jinli; Tian, Weiyi; Tan, Sumin; Jiang, Li; Meng, Zhihao; Qin, Shanfang; Ning, Chuanyi

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0279731

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…32 BMI is an indicator for assessing nutritional status, which can be a predictor of immune status in HIV patients. 33 A study in China proved that HIV patients with higher baseline BMI had a better immune recovery process. 34…”

Section: Hiv Patients Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio as Predictors of CD4 Count among People Living with HIV

Hasna,

Sunggoro,

Sri Marwanta

et al. 2024

IJTID

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection remains a global health concern characterized by the reduction of CD4 lymphocyte cells and weakened immune systems. Knowing the CD4 count and the factors affecting it is crucial for assessing the immune status of HIV patients. Hematological markers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), have been recognized as prognostic tools that were associated with CD4 Count. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of NLR and PLR on CD4 count among people living with HIV (PLHIV). This study used analytic observational method with a cross-sectional on HIV-positive individuals who were treated at Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia. The Chi-Square and Pearson correlation tests were performed to identify the correlation between variables and the linear regression test was done to investigate the association between NLR and PLR with CD4 count. A total of 80 PLHIV were identified for this study, with the median CD4 count of 103 cells/mm3. NLR and PLR were found to be 3.06 and 181.03, respectively. This study found that opportunistic infection, duration on ARV treatment, body mass index, total lymphocyte count, and hemoglobin were significantly associated with CD4 count. The Pearson correlation test revealed a strong correlation between NLR and PLR to CD4 count. Linear regression analyses showed that NLR and PLR could predict the CD4 count. These findings indicate that NLR and PLR could serve as alternative prognostic parameters for monitoring treatment outcomes in PLHIV, particularly in health facilities where access to CD4 count testing is limited.

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Section: Hiv Patients Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio as Predictors of CD4 Count among People Living with HIV

Hasna,

Sunggoro,

Sri Marwanta

et al. 2024

IJTID

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“…In addition, host metabolic level and genetic factors play a role in immune reconstitution. Studies ( Zhu et al, 2022 ) have demonstrated that PLHIV had better immune reconstitution with a higher baseline BMI. This may be due to the fact that leptin has higher levels in people with a higher BMI.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Incomplete Immune Reconstitutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in poor HIV immune reconstitution: what will the future look like?

Zhang

Ruan

2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Combination antiretroviral therapy has demonstrated proved effectiveness in suppressing viral replication and significantly recovering CD4+ T cell count in HIV type-1 (HIV-1)-infected patients, contributing to a dramatic reduction in AIDS morbidity and mortality. However, the factors affecting immune reconstitution are extremely complex. Demographic factors, co-infection, baseline CD4 cell level, abnormal immune activation, and cytokine dysregulation may all affect immune reconstitution. According to report, 10–40% of HIV-1-infected patients fail to restore the normalization of CD4+ T cell count and function. They are referred to as immunological non-responders (INRs) who fail to achieve complete immune reconstitution and have a higher mortality rate and higher risk of developing other non-AIDS diseases compared with those who achieve complete immune reconstitution. Heretofore, the mechanisms underlying incomplete immune reconstitution in HIV remain elusive, and INRs are not effectively treated or mitigated. This review discusses the recent progress of mechanisms and factors responsible for incomplete immune reconstitution in AIDS and summarizes the corresponding therapeutic strategies according to different mechanisms to improve the individual therapy.

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Advances in Mechanism of HIV-1 Immune Reconstitution Failure: Understanding Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Interventions for Immunological Nonresponders

Liu,

Ding,

Shi

et al. 2024

The Journal of Immunology

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In individuals diagnosed with AIDS, the primary method of sustained suppression of HIV-1 replication is antiretroviral therapy, which systematically increases CD4+ T cell levels and restores immune function. However, there is still a subset of 10–40% of people living with HIV who not only fail to reach normal CD4+ T cell counts but also experience severe immune dysfunction. These individuals are referred to as immunological nonresponders (INRs). INRs have a higher susceptibility to opportunistic infections and non–AIDS-related illnesses, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, it is crucial to gain new insights into the primary mechanisms of immune reconstitution failure to enable early and effective treatment for individuals at risk. This review provides an overview of the dynamics of key lymphocyte subpopulations, the main molecular mechanisms of INRs, clinical diagnosis, and intervention strategies during immune reconstitution failure, primarily from a multiomics perspective.

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High baseline body mass index predicts recovery of CD4+ T lymphocytes for HIV/AIDS patients receiving long-term antiviral therapy

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio as Predictors of CD4 Count among People Living with HIV

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio as Predictors of CD4 Count among People Living with HIV

Recent advances in poor HIV immune reconstitution: what will the future look like?

Advances in Mechanism of HIV-1 Immune Reconstitution Failure: Understanding Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Interventions for Immunological Nonresponders

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