High bacterial diversity of a waste gas‐degrading community in an industrial biofilter as shown by a 16S rDNA clone library

Abstract

The bacterial diversity of an industrial biofilter used for waste gas abatement in an animal-rendering plant was investigated. A 16S rDNA clone library was generated and 444 clones were screened using computer-aided amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). Of the screened clones, 60.8% showed unique ARDRA patterns and the remaining 174 clones were clustered into 65 groups. Almost full-length 16S rDNA sequences of 106 clones were determined and 90.5% of the clones were affiliated with the two phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Alpha-, Beta-, and Gammaproteobacteria accounted for 22.1, 17.6 and 18.6% respectively. Minor portions were affiliated with the Actinobacteria (2.0%), Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia (both 1.0%), and the Deltaproteobacteria and Thermomicrobia (each 0.5%). Only six out of the 106 16S rDNA sequences exhibited similarities of more than 97% to classified bacterial species indicating that a substantial fraction of the clone sequences were derived from unknown taxa. It was also evaluated whether a database containing 281 computer-simulated bacterial rDNA fragment patterns generated from published reference sequences can be used for identification purposes. The data analysis demonstrated that this was possible only for a small number of clones, which were closely related to described bacterial strains. Rarefaction analysis of ARDRA clusters demonstrated that the 444 clones screened are insufficient to describe the entire diversity of the clone library.

Bacterial diversity in activated sludge from a consecutively aerated submerged membrane bioreactor treating domestic wastewater

“…The values of H and J showed that diversity and evenness of distribution of OTUs over the patterns were quite high and coverage of 82.9% demonstrated that a majority of microbial community was covered in this 16S rDNA clone library. The values obtained in the present study were quite high in comparison with estimates reported for sediments from the Lonar Soda Lake (Wani et al, 2006) and Victoria Harbor sediments in Hong Kong (Zhang et al, 2008), and low in comparison with a waste gas-degrading biofilter (Friedrich et al, 2002).…”

Identification and Isolation of a Castellaniella Species Important during Biostimulation of an Acidic Nitrate- and Uranium-Contaminated Aquifer

“…Two previous studies done on microbial community structures of pristine versus contaminated areas of the aquifer at the FRC have found that contamination resulted in a decrease in microbial diversity and selected for Betaproteobacteria species related to or belonging to Azoarcus (22) and Alcaligenaceae (57). Furthermore, Betaproteobacteria were found to be abundant in other contaminated environments, including polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soil (50), a waste gas biofilter (26,27), metal-and petroleum-contaminated soil (39), heavy metal-amended soil microcosms (45), and metallurgic wastewater (70). Similarly, our results show that Betaproteobacteria SSU rRNA clones, primarily those affiliated with Alcaligenaceae and Burkholderiaceae, are present in contaminated sediment samples from the FRC (Fig.…”

“…2) and were 100% and 97.6% similar to FRC isolate 7.5A2, respectively. Only one clone from FB067 belonged to OTU 34; rather, 87.5% of Betaproteobacteria clones from FB067 belonged to OTU 45, whose closest relative was clone BIsii8 (97.8% similarity), which was identified from an industrial waste gas biofilter (26). Its two closest cultured relatives were Burkholderia brasilensis, an N 2 -fixing bacterium (GenBank accession no.…”

Community Structure and Diversity of Biofilms from a Beer Bottling Plant as Revealed Using 16S rRNA Gene Clone Libraries

“…In this :1 trans2............................................................................... :1 cis9................................................................................... :1 cis9................................................................................... (Table 3). In general, clone libraries seem to underestimate the proportion of gram-positive bacteria detected by other direct methods like cultivation (7,42) or FISH (16). Additionally, members of the Acidobacterium group and the uncultured candidate division TM7 were found in the clone libraries, for which the most similar sequences originated from a soil isolate and from a cloned sequence of hot spring samples, respectively.…”