High Association of Anticardiolipin Antibodies With Psychosis

Schwartz, Miguel; Rochas, Marina; Weller, Boaz; Sheinkman, A; Tal, Ilanit; Golan, D; Toubi, N; Eldar, I; Sharf, B.; Attias, David

doi:10.4088/jcp.v59n0105

Cited by 120 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Serum Anti-Nuclear And Anti-Cardiolipin Antibody Levels-To confirm the autoimmune status and test for a role of circulating anti-cardiolipin autoantibodies (AClA) in brain damage (Martinez-Cordero et al 1997;Schwartz et al 1998;Hanly et al 1999), serum levels of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and AClA and were measured by ELISA kits (Alpha Diagnostic International, San Antonio, Texas) (Hess et al 1993;Sakic et al 2000a). Sera were diluted 1:100 with sample diluent, and 100 μl was added to coated and noncoated (control) wells in the plate.…”

Section: Indices Of Systemic Autoimmunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral heterogeneity in an animal model of neuropsychiatric lupus

Šakić¹,

Hanna²,

Millward³

2005

Biological Psychiatry

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Background-Various psychiatric manifestations of unknown etiology are common in systemic autoimmune disease lupus erythematosus (SLE). Profound heterogeneity at clinical and neuropathological levels suggests distinct subpopulations of SLE patients and multiple mechanisms in the pathogenesis of aberrant behavior. Using inbred mice prone to SLE-like condition, we presently examine whether subpopulations of diseased mice can be identified on the basis of their behavioral performance.

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Section: Indices Of Systemic Autoimmunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral heterogeneity in an animal model of neuropsychiatric lupus

Šakić¹,

Hanna²,

Millward³

2005

Biological Psychiatry

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“…In addition, these markers were presently measured in 5 μl of CSF due to evidence that the blood-brain barrier is permeable to circulating immunoglobulins in diseased MRL-lpr mice (Vogelweid et al, 1991) and the possibility that ACA play an important role in the pathogenesis of NP-SLE (Hanly et al, 1999;Schwartz et al, 1998;Martinez-Cordero et al, 1997). Blood samples were left to coagulate in 1.5-ml plastic vials and centrifuged for 10 min at 3000 r.p.m.…”

Section: Autoantibody Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferating brain cells are a target of neurotoxic CSF in systemic autoimmune disease

Šakić

Kirkham

Ballok

et al. 2005

Journal of Neuroimmunology

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Brain atrophy, neurologic and psychiatric (NP) manifestations are common complications in the systemic autoimmune disease, lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here we show that the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from autoimmune MRL-lpr mice and a deceased NP-SLE patient reduce the viability of brain cells which proliferate in vitro. This detrimental effect was accompanied by periventricular neurodegeneration in the brains of autoimmune mice and profound in vivo neurotoxicity when their CSF was administered to the CNS of a rat. Multiple ionic responses with microfluorometry and protein peaks on electropherograms suggest more than one mechanism of cellular demise. Similar to the CSF from diseased MRL-lpr mice, the CSF from a deceased SLE patient with a history of psychosis, memory impairment, and seizures, reduced viability of the C17.2 neural stem cell line. Proposed mechanisms of cytotoxicity involve binding of intrathecally synthesized IgG autoantibodies to target(s) common to different mammalian species and neuronal populations. More importantly, these results indicate that the viability of proliferative neural cells can be compromised in systemic autoimmune disease. Antibody-mediated lesions of germinal layers may impair the regenerative capacity of the brain in NP-SLE and possibly, brain development and function in some forms of CNS disorders in which autoimmune phenomena have been documented. AbbreviationsACA, anti-cardiolipin antibodiesx; Abbreviations, anti-nuclear antibodies; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; FJB, Fluoro Jade B stain; NP-SLE, neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus; PBS, phosphate buffered saline

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“…These include focal central nervous system thrombo-occlusive events (Levine et al, 2002), chorea (Paus et al, 2001), migraine headaches (Silvestrini et al, 1993), amnesia (Montalban et al, 1989), visual abnormalities (Briley et al, 1989), as well an psychosis (Chengappa et al, 1991;Schwartz et al, 1998) and cognitive dysfunction (Denberg et al, 1997;Jacobson et al, 1999). The associations of aPL with neurologic conditions other than thromboocclusive events have been considered "weak" and attributable to an "epiphenomenon" rather than to pathophysiologic mechanisms (Brey, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing for Antiphospholipid Antibody (aPL) Specificities in Retrospective “Normal” Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)

Sokol

Wagenknecht

McIntyre

2004

Journal of Immunology Research

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Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have been found in the blood of patients with systemic and neurological disease. The rare reports of aPL in cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) have been limited mostly to IgG and IgM anticardiolipin (aCL). Our published finding of IgA aPE in the CSF of a young stroke victim prompted us to establish "normal" CSF aPL values for a panel of aPL, which included aCL, antiphosphatidylserine (aPS), antiphosphatidylethanolamine (aPE) and antiphosphatidylcholine (aPC). CSF samples were tested by ELISA for IgG, IgM and IgA aPL. In addition, the CSF samples were tested for activity in the presence and absence of phospholipid (PL) binding plasma-proteins. A total of 24 data points were obtained for each CSF sample. We tested 59 CSF samples obtained from 59 patients who were undergoing evaluation for systemic or neurologic diseases. All CSF samples had normal protein, glucose and cell counts. Ten of the 59 CSF samples (17%) had elevated aPL optical density (OD) values an order of magnitude higher than the other 49 CSF samples for one or more aPL specificity and/or isotype. One CSF sample had both PL-binding protein dependent and independent IgG aPE activity. Another CSF sample showed both IgG aPE and aPC reactivity. The remaining eight CSF samples showed single aPL findings; IgG aPE (5), IgG aPC (1), IgG aCL (1) and IgM aPC (1). Seven of 10 patients with elevated CSF values were females. As expected, most "normal" aPL OD values were substantially lower in CSF than those we have reported in blood samples from volunteer blood donors. Jacobson et al., 1999). The associations of aPL with neurologic conditions other than thromboocclusive events have been considered "weak" and attributable to an "epiphenomenon" rather than to pathophysiologic mechanisms (Brey, 2000). A stronger association between aPL and neurological disorders might be easier to establish if aPL are sought and detected in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of patients experiencing neurologic symptoms. Historically, scarce reports of aPL in CSF are limited mostly to IgG and IgM anticardiolipin (aCL) detection (Marchiorri, 1990;Lolli et al., 1991;Wang et al., 1992;Gallo et al., 1994;Yeh et al., 1994;Martinez-Cordero, 1997;Jedryka-Goral et al., 2000;Lai and Lan, 2000;Baraczka et al., 2002). Rarely are IgA aCL sought (Wang et al., 1992). To our knowledge only one report included testing for IgG and IgM antiphosphatidylserine (aPS) and antiphosphatidylethanolamine (aPE) in CSF; the results were negative (Gallo et al., 1994). Our finding of IgA aPE in the CSF of a young stroke victim (Sokol et al., 2000), together with our intent to continue testing additional CSF samples, prompted us to undertake and establish "normal" aPL values for CSF. Our findings form the basis of this report. PATIENTS AND METHODSBecause of the potential risks associated with spinal taps to healthy individuals we were unable to obtain CSF samples from random donors. We opted to perform a retrospective analysis using residual CSF that was collected for diagnostic purposes a...

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High Association of Anticardiolipin Antibodies With Psychosis

Cited by 120 publications

References 0 publications

Behavioral heterogeneity in an animal model of neuropsychiatric lupus

Behavioral heterogeneity in an animal model of neuropsychiatric lupus

Proliferating brain cells are a target of neurotoxic CSF in systemic autoimmune disease

Testing for Antiphospholipid Antibody (aPL) Specificities in Retrospective “Normal” Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)

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