High Amounts of Soyhulls for Pelleted Concentrate Diets

Nakamura, Tomohiko; Owen, F.G.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(89)79193-1

Cited by 75 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Soybean hulls have been used in the feeding of ruminants (Nakamura and Owen, 1989); however, lignin is not well digested by rumen bacteria, reducing digestive efficiency of this material (Van Soest, 1994). Lignin is a recalcitrant compound, covalently linked to hemicellulose, which forms a physical barrier to cellulose degradation (Kerem and Hadar, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low carbon/nitrogen ratio increases laccase production from basidiomycetes in solid substrate cultivation

D'Agostini¹,

Mantovani

Valle³

et al. 2011

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Basidiomycetes are laccase producers used for hydrolysis of lignocellulosic byproducts in fermentative processes and could be used on biofuel production or ruminant feeding. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of concentrations of non-protein nitrogen sources on laccase production and mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes and Agaricus blazei. The fungi were grown on soybean hulls to which urea (U), ammonium sulfate (AS) or mixture of AS:U (1:1) were added to achieve carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios of 5, 15, 20 or 30. The average longitudinal mycelial growth was measured and laccase activity was determined by the oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid. Higher C/N ratios increased mycelial growth and decreased laccase production. The highest activities were obtained with a C/N ratio of 5. P. ostreatus, L. edodes and A. blazei produced more laccase when AS, AS:U and U, respectively, were added. In addition, C/N ratios lower than 30 induced laccase syntheses, inhibited mycelial growth and were a better condition for prehydrolysis of plant residues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low carbon/nitrogen ratio increases laccase production from basidiomycetes in solid substrate cultivation

D'Agostini¹,

Mantovani

Valle³

et al. 2011

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…No entanto, pode provocar efeito associativo negativo, quando incluído em dietas mistas de volumosos e concentrados (Nakamura & Owen, 1989), o que leva à procura de novas alternativas de ingredientes e à minimização dos custos com alimentação. Uma dessas alternativas é a utilização de subprodutos da industrialização do milho.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Seu maior benefício decorre da alta porcentagem de fibra altamente digestível, proporcionando valor energético próximo ao milho. Devido ao seu elevado teor de fibra e de NDT, a casca de soja tem sido muito utilizada como fonte energética para vacas em lactação, pois essa fibra, altamente digestível, mantém a fermentação ruminal normal e, portanto, não reduz o crescimento dos microrganismos celulolíticos, evitando problemas de acidose e mantendo teor normal de gordura no leite (Nakamura & Owen, 1989). Gomes & Andrade (1996), avaliando a substituição do milho pela casca de soja (0, 50 e 100%) em dietas para novilhos, não observaram diferença na digestibilidade da matéria seca, matéria orgânica e energia bruta entre as dietas, porém encontraram aumento linear na digestibilidade da FDN e FDA com a inclusão da casca de soja.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Gomes & Andrade (1996), avaliando a substituição do milho pela casca de soja (0, 50 e 100%) em dietas para novilhos, não observaram diferença na digestibilidade da matéria seca, matéria orgânica e energia bruta entre as dietas, porém encontraram aumento linear na digestibilidade da FDN e FDA com a inclusão da casca de soja. No entanto, Nakamura & Owen (1989) observaram queda linear para a digestibilidade da matéria seca em dietas para vacas alimentadas com silagem de alfafa e concentrados com 95, 50 e 0% de casca de soja, em substituição ao milho, mas sugeriram efeito associativo positivo da casca sobre a digestão da fibra nas dietas com substituição de 50% do milho pela casca.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Consumo e digestibilidade total e parcial de dietas utilizando farelo de girassol e três fontes de energia em novilhos confinados

et al. 2005

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RESUMO -Avaliaram-se o consumo alimentar, a digestibilidade parcial e total e o balanço de nitrogênio, em novilhos confinados. Foram utilizados três novilhos de corte cruzados, canulados no rúmen e no duodeno, distribuídos em dois delineamentos em quadrado latino 3 x 3. As dietas experimentais foram constituídas de 60% de silagem de milho, tendo como fonte de proteína o farelo de girassol e, como fonte de energia, o milho (MI). O milho foi substituído parcialmente pela casca de soja (CS) ou pelo farelo de gérmen de milho (FGM). Quatro indicadores internos (lignina e FDA, FDN e lignina indigestíveis) foram submetidos a 144 horas de digestão in vitro, para estimativa da digestibilidade parcial e total das dietas. Houve maior ingestão dos componentes fibrosos na dieta CS, porém não foi observado efeito sobre o consumo de matéria seca. A lignina subestimou significativamente a digestibilidade. A utilização da FDAi, FDNi e lignina-i para estimar a digestibilidade total é viável, no entanto, a FDAi e lignina-i não estimaram adequadamente as digestibilidades parciais. Houve efeito significativo na digestibilidade ruminal da FDA, com valores mais elevados para CS e semelhantes para FGM, em relação à dieta MI. A digestibilidade total da FDA foi maior na dieta CS, porém, as digestibilidades dos demais componentes não foram afetadas pelas diferentes fontes energéticas. Não houve diferença significativa para a digestibilidade da energia e nos valores obtidos de NDT, com média de 61,5%. A casca de soja e o farelo de gérmen de milho, em substituição parcial do milho, mostraram-se fontes alternativas satisfatórias para a inclusão na dieta de bovinos.Palavras-chave: casca de soja, farelo de gérmen de milho, fonte de carboidrato, indicadores internos Intake, Total and Partial Digestibility of Diets with Sunflower Meal and Three Energy Sources in Confined SteersABSTRACT -Feed intake, partial and total digestibility and nitrogen balance were evaluated in confined steers. Three crossbreed steers, rumen and duodenum cannulated, were allotted to two 3 x 3 Latin square experimental design. The experimental diets were composed by corn silage (60%) and concentrate with sunflower meal as protein source and ground corn as energy source (MI). The ground corn was partially substituted by soybean hulls (CS) or by corn germ meal (FGM). Lignin and indigestible ADF (iADF), NDF (iNDF) and lignin (i-lignin) determined by 144 h of in vitro digestion were used as markers to estimate the total and partial diet digestibility of diets. The fiber intake was higher on CS diet, however no effect on dry matter intake was observed. Lignin underestimated significantly the digestibility. Indigestible ADF, iNDF and i-lignin was able to estimate total digestibility, however iADF and i-lignina did not estimate adequately the partial digestibility. Ruminal ADF digestibility was influenced by diets with higher values for CS and similar values for FGM, in relation to MI. Total ADF digestibility was higher in diet CS, but the other nutrients digestibility were not ...

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“…Fecal samples were collected daily at the a.m. feeding during the last 6 d of each period using the protocol of Nakamura and Owen (1989) to estimate total tract nutrient digestibility. Fecal samples were frozen and composited by period prior to chemical analyses.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Brown Midrib-6 and -18 Forage Sorghum with Conventional Sorghum and Corn Silage in Diets of Lactating Dairy Cows

Oliver

Grant

Pedersen

et al. 2004

Journal of Dairy Science

125

143

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Total mixed rations containing conventional forage sorghum, brown midrib (bmr)-6 forage sorghum, bmr-18 forage sorghum, or corn silage were fed to Holstein dairy cows to determine the effect on lactation, ruminal fermentation, and total tract nutrient digestion. Sixteen multiparous cows (4 ruminally fistulated; 124 d in milk) were assigned to 1 of 4 diets in a replicated Latin square design with 4-wk periods (21-d adaptation and 7 d of collection). Diets consisted of 40% test silage, 10% alfalfa silage, and 50% concentrate mix (dry basis). Acid detergent lignin concentration was reduced by 21 and 13%, respectively, for the bmr-6 and bmr-18 sorghum silages when compared with the conventional sorghum. Dry matter intake was not affected by diet. Production of 4% fat-corrected milk was greatest for cows fed bmr-6 (33.7 kg/d) and corn silage (33.3 kg/d), was least for cows fed the conventional sorghum (29.1 kg/d), and was intermediate for cows fed the bmr-18 sorghum (31.2 kg/ d), which did not differ from any other diet. Total tract neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility was greatest for the bmr-6 sorghum (54.4%) and corn silage (54.1%) diets and was lower for the conventional (40.8%) and bmr-18 sorghum (47.9%) diets. In situ extent of NDF digestion was greatest for the bmr-6 sorghum (76.4%) and corn silage (79.0%) diets, least for the conventional sorghum diet (70.4%), and intermediate for the bmr-18 sorghum silage diet (73.1%), which was not different from the other diets. Results of this study indicate that the bmr-6 sorghum hybrid outperformed the conventional sorghum hybrid; the bmr-18 sorghum was intermediate between conventional and bmr-6 in most cases. Additionally, the bmr-6 hybrid resulted in lactational

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High Amounts of Soyhulls for Pelleted Concentrate Diets

Cited by 75 publications

References 12 publications

Low carbon/nitrogen ratio increases laccase production from basidiomycetes in solid substrate cultivation

Low carbon/nitrogen ratio increases laccase production from basidiomycetes in solid substrate cultivation

Consumo e digestibilidade total e parcial de dietas utilizando farelo de girassol e três fontes de energia em novilhos confinados

Comparison of Brown Midrib-6 and -18 Forage Sorghum with Conventional Sorghum and Corn Silage in Diets of Lactating Dairy Cows

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