High aluminum concentration and initial establishment of Handroanthus impetiginosus: clues about an Al non-resistant species in Brazilian Cerrado

Abstract

increase of Al leaf content as a function of Al concentration in the nutrient solution. Plants grown in 1 mM Al showed a remarkable increase of K leaf content, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration, while in 4 mM Al there were reductions of N, P, and K contents, gas exchange characteristics, and height. H. impetiginosus did not have mechanisms of avoidance, compartmentalization, or resistance to high Al concentrations. Indeed, this species showed a hormetic response, with low Al concentrations stimulating and high Al concentrations inhibiting plant responses.

The rise and fall of photosynthesis: hormetic dose response in plants

“…An increase in the rates of carbon fixation and/or their efficiency can result from increasing light harvesting and/ The rise and fall of photosynthesis: hormetic dose response in plants or stomatal and mesophyll conductance (de Carvalho et al 2012). Coupled stimulation of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance under low-dose stress and coupled inverted U-shaped dose-response relationships were revealed (de Carvalho et al 2012;Jia et al 2015;Nascentes et al 2018;Mendonça et al 2019;Soliman et al 2019;Lian et al 2020;Małkowski et al 2020;Yang et al 2020). In some other cases, however, the stimulation of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance was uncoupled as to the magnitude and inducing dose, with shifts in the dose-response relationship (Nascentes et al 2018;Wu et al 2018;Małkowski et al 2020).…”

“…These included responses to herbicides (Cedergreen and Olesen 2010;de Carvalho et al 2012;Adams et al 2017;Nascentes et al 2018;Khan et al 2020), metallic elements (Jia et al 2015;Chandra and Kang 2016;Wu et al 2018;Gelioli Salgado et al 2019;Małkowski et al 2020;Mendonça et al 2019;Yang et al 2020), micro/nano-plastics (Dong et al 2020;Lian et al 2020), and other types of stresses (Sugai et al 2018;Soliman et al 2019). Low-dose stimulation of photosynthetic rate by various stresses appeared in various taxa of trees, shrubs, and vines (de Carvalho et al 2012;Jia et al 2015;Chandra and Kang 2016;Adams et al 2017;Nascentes et al 2018;Mendonça et al 2019;Yang et al 2020). Furthermore, biphasic dose-responses of photosynthetic rate to stresses were observed not only in C3 plants but also in C4 plants (Zea mays L.) (Małkowski et al 2020).…”

Nano-priming as emerging seed priming technology for sustainable agriculture—recent developments and future perspectives

“…Aluminum (Al) toxicity has become the main hindrance to plant growth in acid soils. The impact of Al solely or combined with SNPs on Al accumulation and detoxification, plant growth, photosynthetic C assimilation and redox homeostasis has been examined [ 247 ]. Al accumulation in maize organs reduced their growth, impacted photosynthesis and elevated ROS production, through induced NADPH oxidase and photorespiration activities, and cell damage was more evident in roots than in leaves.…”

“…Antioxidant defense systems were activated at enzymatic and nonenzymatic levels. Furthermore, increased organic acid accumulation and metal detoxification in roots were generated by SNPs as a shielding mechanism against Al toxicity [ 247 ]. SNPs enhanced ascorbate (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) content, providing a strong defense for plant organs.…”