High Altitude Retinopathy in Mountain Climbers

Shults, William T.; Swan, Kenneth C.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1975.01010020418003

Cited by 63 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Aconcagua, Argentina (6,959 m). Although it is generally agreed that retinal changes are reversible, 2 of these climbers had permanently disturbed vision with paracentral scotomas plotted on a tangent screen [74]. Clarke and Duff [54] reported that during the 1975 British Everest expedition retinal hemorrhages were observed in 4 among 6 newcomers to altitudes over 6,000 m as opposed to 2 among 14 who had previously been to these altitudes.…”

Section: Posterior Segment Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmological Effects of High Altitude

Karaküçük

Mirza²

2000

Ophthalmic Res

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High altitude has various effects on human beings. Altitude-related illnesses are a frequent cause of morbidity and occasional mortality in travelers to high altitudes throughout the world. The mountaineers all around the world are familiar with this condition, which is called acute mountain sickness (AMS). The primary altitude illnesses are AMS, high-altitude pulmonary edema and high-altitude cerebral edema. Altitude has potential undesired ophthalmological effects. The pathogenesis of these syndromes remains unclear despite considerable research in this field. Most of these problems are primarily preventable with an adequate level of information before and during travel. Further studies are needed to reveal the exact relationship between high altitude and ophthalmological findings. In this article, ophthalmological effects of high altitude, likely to be encountered by mountaineers as well as other enthusiasts of high altitude sports are reviewed. Emphasis on aviation and aerospace medicine is briefly given under related subtitles.

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Section: Posterior Segment Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmological Effects of High Altitude

Karaküçük

Mirza²

2000

Ophthalmic Res

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“…23 Fundoscopic features of this entity include retinal hemorrhages, retinal vessel tortuosity and dilation, optic disk swelling, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, cotton wool spots, subhyaloid hemorrhage, vitreous hemorrhage, and even rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Retinal vascular accidents related to HAR that included central retinal and branch retinal vein occlusion have been reported. 32,33 Among these signs, retinal hemorrhages and vascular engorgement and tortuosity are more common.…”

Section: Management Strategy Of High-altitude Ocular Dysmotilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Problems in High-Altitude Traveling: A Review With Focus on Management

Izadi

Pourazizi

Alemzadeh-Ansari

2017

Int J Travel Med Glob Health

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“…4% angeben. Shults [20] untersuchte die 6 Uberlebenden einer infaust verlaufenen Aconcagua-Expedition, von denen 4 massive Netzhautveranderungen hatten (66%). Insgesamt sind diese Arbeiten schwer miteinander vergleichbar, da sie uber sehr unterschiedlich erreichte When and insbesondere unterschiedliche Dauer der Hohenexposition berichten.…”

Section: Ergebnisseunclassified

“…Hohenbedingte Retinablutungen (HR) wurden erstmals 1969 von Singh [20] im Rahmen der akuten Hohenkrankheit beschrieben. Seither durchgefuhrte ophthalmologische Untersuchungen an Hohenbergsteigern [4-7, 10, 11, 13, 15-17, 19-23] zeigen zwar eine groBe Streubreite der Inzidenzen (1,3-66%), jedoch eine Regelmd6igkeit des Auftretens, die nicht vernachlassigt werden darf.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…HR sind zumeist binokular, treten ab einer Hohe von etwa 5000 Meter auf, frUhestens 1-2 Tage nach Erreichen dieser Hohe and sehr haufig nach auBerordentlichen korperlichen Belastungen, wie z. B. dem Gipfelgang, dem Meistern besonders schwieriger Gelandestellen oder dem Tragen von zusatzlichem Gepack [5,6,11,17,[19][20][21]. Das AusmaB der korperlichen Anstrengung durfte in der Pathogenese eine dominanto Rolle spielen, Retinablutungen waren nie bei experimentellen Studien in Unterdruckkammern registriert worden [ 12].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Höhenretinopathie — das Auftreten von höhenbedingten Netzhautblutungen bei Mitgliedern der ”Ersten Wiener Himalaya-Expedition 1996“

Müllner-Eidenböck

Rainer

Schmetterer

1999

Spektrum Augenheilkd

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Zusammenfassung.Durch den zunehmenden Hohentourismus vor allem im Himalayakonigreich Nepal, gibt es ein relativ neues ophthalmologisches Krankheitsbild: die Hohenretinopathie. Im Rahmen der ,Ersten Wiener Himalaya-Expedition" im Mai/Juni 1996 bot sich die Gelegenheit, die Inzidenz des Auftretens von hohenbedingten Retinablutungen festzustellen. Bei den Probanden handelte es sich um acht Bergsteiger zwischen 38 and 55 Jahren, deren Ziel es war, den 8201 m hohen Cho Oyu zu erklimmen.Zwei Wochen vor and zwei Wochen nach der Hohenbelastung wurden beide Augen der acht Bergsteiger einer ophthalmologischen Untersuchung unterzogen. Die Fundusinspektion erfolgte mittels einer 90 D Volk-Linse in maximaler Mydriasis.Vor der Expedition konnte bei keinem der Probanden eine okulare Pathologie festgestellt werden. Nach der Hohenbelastung fanden sich bei 3 von 8 Bergsteigern beidseitige, symptomlose Netzhautblutungen. Dieses Ergebnis entspricht einer Inzidenz von 37,5%. Hohenbedingte Retinablutungen sind zwar flachtig and zumeist harmlos, aber doch Ausdruck einer kurzzeitigen Dekompensation der lokalen vaskularen Regulationsmechanismen, deren prognostische Bedeutung im Hinblick auf die Entstehung von Folgepathologien am Auge bisher zu wenig untersucht and dokumentiert wurde.Schlasselworter: Hohenretinopathie, akute Bergkrankheit, chronische Hypoxamie, retinale vaskulare Dysregulation. High-altitude retinopathy -The occurrence of retinal hemorrhages due to high altitudes in members of the "First Vienna HimalayaExpedition"Summary. With the increasing popularity of high altitude tourism above all in the Himalayan region, we want to discuss one of the commonest medical disorders at high altitude: retinal hemorrhage. Retinal hemorrhage at altitude also occurs as a result of severe cerebral oedema, but little is known of the aetiology of the condition when it develops spontaneously.Within the setting of the "First Vienna Himalya Expedition" in May/June 1996, destination Cho Oyu (8201 meters), eight mountaineers aged between 38 an 55 years were asked to come to an ophthalmological examination two weeks before and two weeks after high altitude exposure. Following mountain exposure, three of eight developed retinal hemorrhages in both eyes (= 37.5%).Thus the detection of isolated small hemorrhages is usually without consequence, however, this is a pathological process involving vessels of the central nervous system. High altitude retinopathy may be an illness of mountaineers with the tendency to retinal vascular dysregulation under conditions of chronic hypoxia.Further investigations are needed to define a risk group and to develop a concept for prevention and treatment.

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High Altitude Retinopathy in Mountain Climbers

Cited by 63 publications

References 20 publications

Ophthalmological Effects of High Altitude

Ophthalmological Effects of High Altitude

Ocular Problems in High-Altitude Traveling: A Review With Focus on Management

Höhenretinopathie — das Auftreten von höhenbedingten Netzhautblutungen bei Mitgliedern der ”Ersten Wiener Himalaya-Expedition 1996“

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