High-Altitude Adaptation of Yak Based on Genetic Variants and Activity of Lactate Dehydrogenase-1

Kuang, Liangde; Zheng, Yusheng; Lin, Yaqiu; Xu, Yongxiang; Jin, Suyu; Li, Yuping; Dong, Feng; Jiang, Zhongyong

doi:10.1007/s10528-009-9322-7

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These results do not conform to the expectation that LDH activity would increase in cold temperatures, as well as low PO 2 conditions (Pasteur Effect) [31,35]. However, for better living in cold and hypoxia conditions, endemic animals inhabiting high altitudes have revealed a number of strategies to adjust the anaerobic metabolism level, including isozyme spectrum and specific expression of LDH-M and LDH-H [42–44]. Furthermore, in accordance with our results, similar results were also predominantly found in some native animals at high altitude and hibernating animals [17,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Metabolic Characteristics and Response to High Altitude in Phrynocephalus erythrurus (Lacertilia: Agamidae), a Lizard Dwell at Altitudes Higher Than Any Other Living Lizards in the World

Tang

Xin

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metabolic response to high altitude remains poorly explored in reptiles. In the present study, the metabolic characteristics of Phrynocephalus erythrurus (Lacertilia: Agamidae), which inhabits high altitudes (4500 m) and Phrynocephalus przewalskii (Lacertilia: Agamidae), which inhabits low altitudes, were analysed to explore the metabolic regulatory strategies for lizards living at high-altitude environments. The results indicated that the mitochondrial respiratory rates of P . erythrurus were significantly lower than those of P . przewalskii , and that proton leak accounts for 74~79% of state 4 and 7~8% of state3 in P . erythrurus vs. 43~48% of state 4 and 24~26% of state3 in P . przewalskii . Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in P . erythrurus was lower than in P . przewalskii , indicating that at high altitude the former does not, relatively, have a greater reliance on anaerobic metabolism. A higher activity related to β-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase (HOAD) and the HOAD/citrate synthase (CS) ratio suggested there was a possible higher utilization of fat in P . erythrurus . The lower expression of PGC-1α and PPAR-γ in P . erythrurus suggested their expression was not influenced by cold and low PO2 at high altitude. These distinct characteristics of P . erythrurus are considered to be necessary strategies in metabolic regulation for living at high altitude and may effectively compensate for the negative influence of cold and low PO2.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Metabolic Characteristics and Response to High Altitude in Phrynocephalus erythrurus (Lacertilia: Agamidae), a Lizard Dwell at Altitudes Higher Than Any Other Living Lizards in the World

Tang

Xin

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Kaaja and Are () found myocardial LDH activity was increased in rats exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (9.5% O 2 ) for 40 days. However high altitude yaks had lower LDH activity in heart muscle compared to those of low altitude (Kuang et al, ). Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane, is a key enzyme in aerobic energy production (Oyedotun and Lemire, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Different Mechanisms of Hypoxic Acclimatization and Adaptation in Lizard Phrynocephalus vlangalii Living on Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Xiu

Tang

et al. 2013

J. Exp. Zool.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phrynocephalus vlangalii is a species of lizard endemic in China, which lives on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ranging from 2000 to 4600 m above sea level. In this study, P. vlangalii were collected from low altitude (2750 m) and high altitude (4564 m). The lizards from low altitude were acclimatized in simulated hypoxic chamber (equivalent to 4600 m) for 7, 15, and 30 days. The hematological parameters, heart weight, myocardial capillary density, and myocardial enzyme activities were examined. The results showed that acclimatization to hypoxia significantly increased hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), hematocrit (Hct), heart weight (HW), heart weight to body mass (HW/BM), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, but markedly decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. Red blood cell (RBC) count, body mass (BM), myocardial capillary density did not change markedly during hypoxic acclimatization. On the other hand, [Hb], Hct, MCHC, HW/BM, myocardium capillary density, and SDH activity of P. vlangalii from high altitude were remarkably higher than those from low-altitude; however, LDH activity of high-altitude P. vlangalii was lower than that of low-altitude lizards. There was no significant difference in HW or BM between populations of high-altitude and low-altitude. Based on the present data, we suggest that P. vlangalii has special anatomical, physiological, and biochemical accommodate mechanisms to live in hypoxic environment, and the regulative mechanisms are different between hypoxic acclimatization and adaptation.

show abstract

“…We have previously identified two phenotypes of LDH1 in Maiwa yaks (a yak breed in China) by gene cloning [6], and purified three phenotypes of LDH1 in Jiulong yaks [9]. In this study we obtained three ldhb cDNA sequences, encoding H subunits, of the three LDH1 phenotypes of Jiulong yaks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We reported that yak LDH1-M phenotype exhibited a similar Km (NADH), and the same mobility on a gel as bovine LDH1, and the LDH1-F phenotype showed a significantly higher K m value for NADH and a lower K m value for pyruvate than yak LDH1-M and LDH1-S, as well as bovine LDH1 [9]. This suggests that LDH1-F is more suitable for catalyzing the conversion of pyruvate to lactate, and this will be of significance for energy production under hypoxic conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LDH is required for the utilization of carbohydrate when oxygen supply is not enough, and it was reported that yaks contained higher LDH activity in longissimus muscle than cattle [8]. We previously purified three genetic variants of LDH1 from heart tissues of Jiulong yaks, and found differences in the Km values of LDH1 variants [9]. Based on the specific hypoxic habitat of yaks, and the key role of LDH in anaerobic metabolism, we hypothesized that the occurrence of ldhb genetic polymorphisms in yak is probably related to the hypoxic condition during hypoxia acclimation, and thus cloned ldhb gene from heart tissues of Jiulong yaks to provide molecular evidences for the hypoxic adaptation of yak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cloning and Polymorphisms of Yak Lactate Dehydrogenase b Gene

Wang

Zhao

Zhong

et al. 2013

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main objective of this work was to study the unique polymorphisms of the lactate dehydrogenase-1 (LDH1) gene in yak (Bos grunniens). Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed three phenotypes of LDH1 (a tetramer of H subunit) in yak heart and longissimus muscle extracts. The corresponding gene, ldhb, encoding H subunits of three LDH1 phenotypes was obtained by RT-PCR. A total of six nucleotide differences were detected in yak ldhb compared with that of cattle, of which five mutations cause amino acid substitutions. Sequence analysis shows that the G896A and C689A, mutations of ldhb gene, result in alterations of differently charged amino acids, and create the three phenotypes (F, M, and S) of yak LDH1. Molecular modeling of the H subunit of LDH indicates that the substituted amino acids are not located within NAD+ or substrate binding sites. PCR-RFLP examination of G896A mutation demonstrated that most LDH1-F samples are actually heterozygote at this site. These results help to elucidate the molecular basis and genetic characteristic of the three unique LDH1 phenotypes in yak.

show abstract

High-Altitude Adaptation of Yak Based on Genetic Variants and Activity of Lactate Dehydrogenase-1

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Metabolic Characteristics and Response to High Altitude in Phrynocephalus erythrurus (Lacertilia: Agamidae), a Lizard Dwell at Altitudes Higher Than Any Other Living Lizards in the World

Metabolic Characteristics and Response to High Altitude in Phrynocephalus erythrurus (Lacertilia: Agamidae), a Lizard Dwell at Altitudes Higher Than Any Other Living Lizards in the World

The Different Mechanisms of Hypoxic Acclimatization and Adaptation in Lizard Phrynocephalus vlangalii Living on Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

Cloning and Polymorphisms of Yak Lactate Dehydrogenase b Gene

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About