High Alpine Air, Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry

Berner, A.; Kruisz, C.; Gäggeler, H. W.; Schwikowski, M.; Baltensperger, Urs; Jost, D.T.; Puxbaum, Hans; Brantner, B.; Fierlinger, H.; Kalina, M.; Kasper, A.; Paleczek, S.; Winiwarter, Wilfried; Staehelin, J.; Waldvogel, A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59167-9_12

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This corresponds to concentrations ranging from 0.1 mg l −1 to 5.3 mg l −1 , with a median of 0.7 mg l −1 and a noteworthy maximum concentration in event #14 of 11 mg l −1 . The acetic, formic and oxalic acid concentrations are twice those measured at PDD by Voisin et al (2000), but in the same range as those recorded at Mount Rax (Löflund et al, 2002) and Mount Sonnblick (Brantner et al, 1994;Limbeck and Puxbaum, 2000).…”

Section: Organic Speciessupporting

confidence: 64%

Cloud chemistry at the Puy de Dôme: variability and relationships with environmental factors

et al. 2004

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Abstract. The chemical composition of cloud water was investigated during the winter-spring months of 2001 and 2002 at the Puy de Dôme station (1465 m above sea level, 45 • 46 22 N, 2 • 57 43 E) in an effort to characterize clouds in the continental free troposphere. Cloud droplets were sampled with single-stage cloud collectors (cut-off diameter approximately 7 µm) and analyzed for inorganic and organic ions, as well as total dissolved organic carbon. Results show a very large variability in chemical composition and total solute concentration of cloud droplets, ranging from a few mg l −1 to more than 150 mg l −1 . Samplings can be classified in three different categories with respect to their total ionic content and relative chemical composition: background continental (BG, total solute content lower than 18 mg l −1 ), anthropogenic continental (ANT, total solute content from 18 to 50 mg l −1 ), and special events (SpE, total solute content higher than 50 mg l −1 ). The relative chemical composition shows an increase in anthropogenic-derived species (NO We observed a high contribution of solute in cloud water derived from the dissolution of gas phase species in all cloud events. This was evident from large solute fractions of nitrate, ammonium and mono-carboxylic acids in cloud water, relative to their abundance in the aerosol phase. The comparison between droplet and aerosol composition clearly shows the limited ability of organic aerosols to act as cloud condensation nuclei. The strong contribution of gas-phase species limits the establishment of direct relationships between cloud water solute concentration and LWC that are expected from nucleation scavenging.

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Section: Organic Speciessupporting

confidence: 64%

Cloud chemistry at the Puy de Dôme: variability and relationships with environmental factors

et al. 2004

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“…With the air flux used, the lower limit of the aerodynamic diameter is approximately 7 µm (Brantner et al, 1994). The impactor used for this study is constructed of stainless steel and aluminum, and cloud droplets are collected by impaction onto a rectangular aluminum plate with an average sampling time of 2 h. Cloud water samples are filtered using a 0.45 µm PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) filter within 10 min after sampling to eliminate all of the microorganisms and particles that can interfere with the spectroscopic analysis.…”

Section: Cloud Water Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A better understanding of hydroxyl radical photochemical sources in cloud waters collected at the puy de Dôme station – experimental versus modelled formation rates

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The oxidative capacity of the cloud aqueous phase is investigated during three field campaigns from 2013 to 2014 at the top of the puy de Dôme station (PUY) in France. A total of 41 cloud samples are collected and the corresponding air masses are classified as highly marine, marine and continental. Hydroxyl radical (HO q ) formation rates (R f HO q ) are determined using a photochemical setup (xenon lamp that can reproduce the solar spectrum) and a chemical probe coupled with spectroscopic analysis that can trap all of the generated radicals for each sample. Using this method, the obtained values correspond to the total formation of HO q without its chemical sinks. These formation rates are correlated with the concentrations of the naturally occurring sources of HO q , including hydrogen peroxide, nitrite, nitrate and iron. The total hydroxyl radical formation rates are measured as ranging from approximately 2 × 10 −11 to 4 × 10 −10 M s −1 , and the hydroxyl radical quantum yield formation ( HO q) is estimated between 10 −4 and 10 −2 . Experimental values are compared with modelled formation rates calculated by the model of multiphase cloud chemistry (M2C2), considering only the chemical sources of the hydroxyl radicals. The comparison between the experimental and the modelled results suggests that the photoreactivity of the iron species as a source of HO q is overestimated by the model, and H 2 O 2 photolysis represents the most important source of this radical (between 70 and 99 %) for the cloud water sampled at the PUY station (primarily marine and continental).

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High Alpine Air, Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Cloud chemistry at the Puy de Dôme: variability and relationships with environmental factors

Cloud chemistry at the Puy de Dôme: variability and relationships with environmental factors

A better understanding of hydroxyl radical photochemical sources in cloud waters collected at the puy de Dôme station – experimental versus modelled formation rates

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