High abundance of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in chicken gut-bacteria in Bangladesh

Islam, Salequl; Urmi, Umme Laila; Rana, Masud; Sultana, Fahmida; Jahan, Nusrat; Hossain, Billal; Iqbal, Samiul; Hossain, Md. Moyazzem; Mosaddek, Abu Syed Md.; Nahar, Shamsun

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-74402-4

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Fortunately, mcr-1 genes are still rare in both hospital settings and the community worldwide, thus reinforcing the importance of their surveillance to avoid any emergence in humans. The mcr-1 gene has been described from various livestock sources (cattle, pigs, poultry, fish, milk, cheese, and eggs) as well as from pets and wild animals, [7,9,36,[38][39][40][41][42][43], but our study is its first description in sheep. The Ov11 strain did not contain the main replicons (IncX4, IncHI2, and IncI2) usually described as carrying the mcr-1 gene, so a chromosomal location cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

First Global Report of Plasmid-Mediated mcr-1 and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Sheep in Portugal

et al. 2021

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Resistances to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) and colistin are One Health issues since genes encoding these resistances can be transmitted between all sectors of the One Health concept, i.e., human, animal, and the environment. Among food-producing animals, sheep farming has long been overlooked. To fill in this knowledge gap, we looked for ESC- and colistin resistance in 21 faecal samples collected from sheep in one farm in the south of Portugal. ESC-resistant isolates were selected on MacConkey agar plates supplemented with cefotaxime. Susceptibility testing was performed by the disk-diffusion method according to CLSI, while colistin MIC was determined by broth microdilution. ESC- and colistin-resistance genes were identified by PCR, and the clonality of all isolates was assessed by XbaI-PFGE. The replicon content was determined by PCR according to the PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT) scheme. Sixty-two non-duplicate ESC-resistant E. coli isolates were identified, which all presented an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype, mostly due to the presence of CTX-M genes. One CTX-M-1-producing E. coli was concomitantly colistin-resistant and presented the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene. Nearly all isolates showed associated resistances to non-beta-lactam antibiotics, which could act as co-selectors, even in the absence of beta-lactam use. The results showed a high proportion of ESBL-producing E. coli in sheep faeces. Their dissemination was very dynamic, with the spread of successful clones between animals, but also a large diversity of clones and plasmids, sometimes residing in the same animal. This study highlights the need for global surveillance in all food-producing sectors, in order to avoid the dissemination of genes conferring resistance to last-resort antibiotics in human medicine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

First Global Report of Plasmid-Mediated mcr-1 and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Sheep in Portugal

et al. 2021

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“…AMR prevalence in Bangladesh has been reported widely in animal husbandry, environment, and aquaculture [68][69][70]. The presence of various β-lactamase genes, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), and different types of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes were found in Bangladeshi veterinary and environmental sources [71][72][73][74]. Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been reported extensively in hospital and community-acquired infection [75][76][77][78], gastroenteritis [79,80], urinary tract infection (UTI) [81,82], respiratory tract infection [83], skin and tissue infection [75], blood-borne infections [84].…”

Section: A Snapshot Of Amr Surveillance Programs and The Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries: a scattered picture

Iskandar

Molinier

Hallit

et al. 2021

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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199

144

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Data on comprehensive population-based surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is lacking. In low- and middle-income countries, the challenges are high due to weak laboratory capacity, poor health systems governance, lack of health information systems, and limited resources. Developing countries struggle with political and social dilemma, and bear a high health and economic burden of communicable diseases. Available data are fragmented and lack representativeness which limits their use to advice health policy makers and orientate the efficient allocation of funding and financial resources on programs to mitigate resistance. Low-quality data means soaring rates of antimicrobial resistance and the inability to track and map the spread of resistance, detect early outbreaks, and set national health policy to tackle resistance. Here, we review the barriers and limitations of conducting effective antimicrobial resistance surveillance, and we highlight multiple incremental approaches that may offer opportunities to strengthen population-based surveillance if tailored to the context of each country.

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“…Phenotypic colistin-resistance associated plasmid-mediated mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes was found very prominent in chicken-gut bacteria. About 61.7% of the samples were found to developed resistance to colistin (Islam et al 2020 ). Among the last resort antibiotics is colistin.…”

Section: Colistinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The varying effects of antibiotics on gut microbiota

et al. 2021

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Antibiotics are lifesaving therapeutic drugs that have been used by human for decades. They are used both in the fight against bacterial pathogens for both human and for animal feeding. However, of recent, their effects on the gut microbial compositions and diversities have attracted much attention. Existing literature have established the dysbiosis (reduced diversity) in the gut microbiota in association with antibiotic and antibiotic drug doses. In the light of spelling out the varying effects of antibiotic use on gut microbiota, this review aimed at given an account on the degree of gut microbial alteration caused by common antibiotics. While some common antibiotics are found to destroy the common phyla, other debilitating effects were observed. The effects can be attributed to the mode of mechanism, the class of antibiotic, the degree of resistance of the antibiotic used, the dosage used during the treatment, the route of administration, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties and the spectrum of the antibiotic agent. Health status, stress or the type of diet an individual feeds on could be a great proportion as confounding factors. While it is understood that only the bacterial communities are explored in the quest to establishing the role of gut in health, other gut microbial species are somehow contributing to the dysbiosis status of the gut microbiota. Until now, long term natural fluctuations like diseases outbreaks and mutations of the strain might as well rendered alteration to the gut independent of antibiotic treatments.

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High abundance of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in chicken gut-bacteria in Bangladesh

Cited by 34 publications

References 44 publications

First Global Report of Plasmid-Mediated mcr-1 and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Sheep in Portugal

First Global Report of Plasmid-Mediated mcr-1 and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Sheep in Portugal

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries: a scattered picture

The varying effects of antibiotics on gut microbiota

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