HIF‑1α in cerebral ischemia (Review)

Abstract

Cerebral ischemic injury may lead to a series of serious brain diseases, death or different degrees of disability. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor, which mediates the adaptive metabolic response to hypoxia and serves a key role in cerebral ischemia. HIF-1α is the main molecule that responds to hypoxia. HIF-1α serves an important role in the development of cerebral ischemia by participating in numerous processes, including metabolism, proliferation and angiogenesis. The present review focuses on the endogenous protective mechanism of cerebral ischemia and elaborates on the role of HIF-1α in cerebral ischemia. In addition, it focuses on cerebral ischemia interventions that act on the HIF-1α target, including biological factors, non-coding RNA, hypoxic-ischemic preconditioning and drugs, and expands upon the measures to strengthen the endogenous compensatory response to support HIF-1α as a therapeutic target, thus providing novel suggestions for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Contents1. Introduction 2. Literature screening method 3. Role of HIF-1α in cerebral ischemia 4. HIF-1α protects the brain via the regulation of endogenous substances 5. Role of HIF-1α in cerebral ischemic preconditioning (IPC) 6. Role of HIF-1α in the protective effects of natural compounds against cerebral ischemia 7. Concluding remarks and future perspectives

Quantum based effects of therapeutic nuclear magnetic resonance persistently reduce glycolysis

“…Under conditions of low oxygen concentrations, the activities of hydroxylases are inhibited. Because of this essential role in oxygen dependent metabolism, HIF-1α plays central roles in a variety of pathophysiological conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, 8 , 9 all forms of ischemic conditions, 10 , 11 osteoarthritis 12 , 13 and tumor biology. 14 , 15 Hence, much effort has been laid on targeting HIF-1α as therapeutic option.…”

The therapeutic role of Jingchuan tablet on ischaemic cerebral stroke via the HIF-1α/EPO/VEGFA signalling pathway

“…In addition, improving hypoxia ischaemia and neural function was an important way to treat ICS, and HIF-1α, EPO and VEGFA played an important role in the pathogenesis and treatment of cerebral ischaemia (Novikov and Levchenkova 2020 ; Dong et al. 2021 ; Ma et al. 2022 ).…”

Postconditioning with mild hypoxia induces HIF-1a express and improves neurobehavioral ability of mice with Hypoxia-ischemic brain damage

“…Additionally, it has been proven that HIF-1a regulates up to 70 downstream genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, angiogenesis, erythropoietin and so on 21 . Many studies had shown that HIF-1a may play a neuroprotective role in the repair process of brain damage and it might be a potential key mediator of the above described effects 22,23 . Through the reports of these literatures, we can theoretically explain the conclusions of Gao and Zhu et al, such as why the mice learning ability is related to vascular endothelial growth factor, and why intermittent hypoxia can antidepressant-like effects and so on.…”