Hierarchy in Lexical Organisation of Natural Languages

Gaume, Bruno; Venant, Fabienne; Victorri, Bernard

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4127-6_6

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The attracting and repelling forces of each edge are typically modelled using the physical forces of Maxwell's equations of electromagnetic fields or Hooke's Law of springs [92]. Network representations of related words have been demonstrated by connecting words (nodes) by their synonymic and antonymic (edges) relationships [97,98].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An atlas of personality, emotion and behaviour

Mobbs

2020

PLoS ONE

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A novel two-dimensional matrix taxonomy, or atlas, of personality, emotion and behaviour is presented. The two dimensions of the atlas, affiliation and dominance, are demonstrated to have theoretical foundations in neurobiology and social psychology. Both dimensions are divided into five ordinal categories, creating a square matrix of 25 cells. A new catalogue of 20,669 English words descriptive of personality, emotion, behaviour, and power is also presented. The catalogue is more comprehensive than previous catalogues, and is novel in its inclusion of intrapersonal, group, and societal behaviours. All words in the catalogue were scored according to the atlas, facilitating visualisation in two dimensions. This enabled a contiguous and novel comparison of existing psychological taxonomies, as well as broader societal concepts such as leadership, ethics, and crime. Using the atlas, a novel psychological test is developed with improved sensitivity and specificity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An atlas of personality, emotion and behaviour

Mobbs

2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Properties of lexical small-worlds have been extensively studies by B. Gaume (Gaume 2004, Gaume et al 2006, Gaume 2008, who has demonstrated that it was possible to use their formal properties to identify in them semantic spaces and, to put it in more general terms, to organise the seemingly disorganised lexical knowledge (see section 2.2.2 below).…”

Section: P4mentioning

confidence: 99%

From Writing Dictionaries to Weaving Lexical Networks

Polguère¹

2014

International Journal of Lexicography

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Dictionaries are designed as huge texts made up of a collection of much smaller texts, i.e. lexicographic articles. To put it differently, dictionaries are two-dimensional textual models of natural language lexicons. Lexicographers, however, are well aware of the fact that their task is to account for a truly multidimensional entity: a gigantic graph of lexical units connected by various paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations. The most significant advance that computer science will bring to the future of lexicography is therefore not the ability to better store, search and manipulate textual lexicographic data; it will be to allow lexicographers to bypass the text as a formal representation of lexicons and to directly work on lexical networks. Such networks are more suitable to the lexicographic endeavour because they are better formal metaphors of the "natural" structure we are trying to account for. This paper presents lexical systems as graph models of lexicons and introduces the corresponding lexicography of virtual dictionaries. It is based on extensive lexicographic work that is being conducted on the French Lexical Network, a lexical database built according to theoretical and methodological principles borrowed from Explanatory Combinatorial Lexicology. 1. The proper structure of natural language lexicons: all bets are on the table 1.1 Exploring new lexical structures The idea that dictionaries-huge texts made up of a collection of articles about words-are not the optimum models of natural language lexicons is not new. Lexicographers themselves have experimented with new structures that could better reflect the complex system of lexical relations that is making up our lexical knowledge; for instance, the Language Activator for English (Summers 1993) and the Dictionnaire du Français Usuel for French (Picoche and Rolland 2002). The advent of electronic publishing gave lexicographers an opportunity to improve the structuring and access to lexicographic information (de Schryver 2003, Lew 2012). But the true revolution in the field of lexical modelling came with the Princeton WordNet project (Miller et al. 1990, Fellbaum this volume). There are at least four aspects of this project that, once combined, made it revolutionary.

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“…Random Walks-Based Models: Random walks are efficient methods for computing similarity between vertices of a graph (see for example Gaume et al, 2005;Gaume and Mathieu, 2008). Graphs can be built from various data sources: they may model a lexical network into which vertices represent lexemes and edges correspond to semantic relations.…”

Section: Cross-lingual Enrichment Of Semantic Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We test various similarity measures, all based on short fixed length random walks. Such approaches are introduced in (Gaume et al, 2005;Gaume and Mathieu, 2008) for measuring topological resemblance in graphs. This kind of methods has also been applied to lexical networks in (Hughes and Ramage, 2007) to compute semantic relatedness.…”

Section: Random Walk-based Similarity Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi-automatic enrichment of crowdsourced synonymy networks: the WISIGOTH system applied to Wiktionary

Sajous

Navarro

Gaume

et al. 2011

Lang Resources & Evaluation

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International audienceSemantic lexical resources are a mainstay of various Natural Language Processing applications. However, comprehensive and reliable resources are rare and not often freely available. Handcrafted resources are too costly for being a general solution while automatically-built resources need to be validated by experts or at least thoroughly evaluated. We propose in this paper a picture of the current situation with regard to lexical resources, their building and their evaluation. We give an in-depth description of Wiktionary, a freely available and collaboratively built multilingual dictionary. Wiktionary is presented here as a promising raw resource for NLP. We propose a semi-automatic approach based on random walks for enriching Wiktionary synonymy network that uses both endogenous and exogenous data. We take advantage of the wiki infrastructure to propose a validation "by crowds". Finally, we present an implementation called WISIGOTH, which supports our approach

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Hierarchy in Lexical Organisation of Natural Languages

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

An atlas of personality, emotion and behaviour

An atlas of personality, emotion and behaviour

From Writing Dictionaries to Weaving Lexical Networks

Semi-automatic enrichment of crowdsourced synonymy networks: the WISIGOTH system applied to Wiktionary

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