Hierarchically Structured Porous Poly(2‐oxazoline) Hydrogels

Haigh, Jodie N.; Chuang, Ya-Mi; Farrugia, Brooke L.; Hoogenboom, Richard; Dalton, Paul D.; Dargaville, Tim R.

doi:10.1002/marc.201500495

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…An alternative to MEW or electrospinning to create structured PAOx hydrogels is the use of sacrificial templating. Our group showed that precisely controlled microsized channels can be incorporated into PEtOx–ButenOx hydrogels by using a 3D printed sacrificial poly(ε‐caprolactone) fibrous structure created using MEW . This approach could be used to make hydrogel‐based microfluidic devices or tissue engineered constructs with vascular‐like features.…”

Section: Emerging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(2‐oxazoline) Hydrogels: State‐of‐the‐Art and Emerging Applications

Dargaville

Park

Hoogenboom

2018

Macromolecular Bioscience

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The synthesis of poly(2-oxazoline)s has been known since the 1960s. In the last two decades, they have risen in popularity thanks to improvements in their synthesis and the realization of their potential in the biomedical field due to their "stealth" properties, stimuli responsiveness, and tailorable properties. Even though the bulk of the research to date has been on linear forms of the polymer, they are also of interest for creating network structures due to the relatively easy introduction of reactive functional groups during synthesis that can be cross-linked under a variety of conditions. This opinion article briefly reviews the history of poly(2-oxazoline)s and examines the in vivo data on soluble poly(2-oxazoline)s to date in an effort to predict how hydrogels may perform as implantable materials. This is followed by an overview of the most recent hydrogel synthesis methods and emerging applications, and is concluded with a section on the future directions predicted for these fascinating yet underutilized polymers.

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Section: Emerging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(2‐oxazoline) Hydrogels: State‐of‐the‐Art and Emerging Applications

Dargaville

Park

Hoogenboom

2018

Macromolecular Bioscience

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“…Nanofibrillar hydrogels are well-suited as a 3D cell culture scaffold due to their similarity to the extracellular matrix; when properly designed, synthetic hydrogels can mimic the physical and biological properties of in vivo cell environments [7–12]. β-hairpin hydrogels consist of peptides that fold into β-hairpin conformation and then undergo hydrophobic collapse and hydrogen bonding into nanofibrils with a hydrophobic core [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta-hairpin hydrogels as scaffolds for high-throughput drug discovery in three-dimensional cell culture

Worthington

Drake

et al. 2017

Analytical Biochemistry

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Automated cell-based high-throughput screening (HTS) is a powerful tool in drug discovery, and it is increasingly being recognized that three-dimensional (3D) models, which more closely mimic in vivo-like conditions, are desirable screening platforms. One limitation hampering the development of 3D HTS is the lack of suitable 3D culture scaffolds that can readily be incorporated into existing HTS infrastructure. We now show that β-hairpin peptide hydrogels can serve as a 3D cell culture platform that is compatible with HTS. MAX8 β-hairpin peptides can physically assemble into a hydrogel with defined porosity, permeability and mechanical stability with encapsulated cells. Most importantly, the hydrogels can then be injected under shear-flow and immediately reheal into a hydrogel with the same properties exhibited prior to injection. The post-injection hydrogels are cell culture compatible at physiological conditions. Using standard HTS equipment and medulloblastoma pediatric brain tumor cells as a model system, we show that automatic distribution of cell-peptide mixtures into 384-well assay plates results in evenly dispensed, viable MAX8-cell constructs suitable for commercially available cell viability assays. Since MAX8 peptides can be functionalized to mimic the microenvironment of cells from a variety of origins, MAX8 peptide gels should have broad applicability for 3D HTS drug discovery.

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“…These characteristics have promoted the use of MEW as an ABM technique for the printing of 3D biomaterial-based porous constructs, termed as scaffolds, that can be populated with cells to guide cellular function [33][34][35]. For example, 3D poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) fibrous scaffolds with lattice architecture and fiber diameters ranging from 0.8 to 40 lm have been printed via MEW [17,26,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. These studies have mainly targeted scaffold-guided tissue engineering (TE) applications, with the reported micron-scale scaffolds promoting cell viability and demonstrating cell-invasive and favorable mechanical properties.…”

Section: Governing Equations and Nondimensionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt Electrospinning Writing Process Guided by a “Printability Number”

Tourlomousis

Ding

Kalyon

et al. 2017

Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering

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The direct electrostatic printing of highly viscous thermoplastic polymers onto movable collectors, a process known as melt electrospinning writing (MEW), has significant potential as an additive biomanufacturing (ABM) technology. MEW has the hitherto unrealized potential of fabricating three-dimensional (3D) porous interconnected fibrous mesh-patterned scaffolds in conjunction with cellular-relevant fiber diameters and interfiber distances without the use of cytotoxic organic solvents. However, this potential cannot be readily fulfilled owing to the large number and complex interplay of the multivariate independent parameters of the melt electrospinning process. To overcome this manufacturing challenge, dimensional analysis is employed to formulate a “Printability Number” (NPR), which correlates with the dimensionless numbers arising from the nondimensionalization of the governing conservation equations of the electrospinning process and the viscoelasticity of the polymer melt. This analysis suggests that the applied voltage potential (Vp), the volumetric flow rate (Q), and the translational stage speed (UT) are the most critical parameters toward efficient printability. Experimental investigations using a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) melt reveal that any perturbations arising from an imbalance between the downstream pulling forces and the upstream resistive forces can be eliminated by systematically tuning Vp and Q for prescribed thermal conditions. This, in concert with appropriate tuning of the translational stage speed, enables steady-state equilibrium conditions to be achieved for the printing of microfibrous woven meshes with precise and reproducible geometries.

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Hierarchically Structured Porous Poly(2‐oxazoline) Hydrogels

Cited by 36 publications

References 34 publications

Poly(2‐oxazoline) Hydrogels: State‐of‐the‐Art and Emerging Applications

Poly(2‐oxazoline) Hydrogels: State‐of‐the‐Art and Emerging Applications

Beta-hairpin hydrogels as scaffolds for high-throughput drug discovery in three-dimensional cell culture

Melt Electrospinning Writing Process Guided by a “Printability Number”

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