Hierarchically Porous, N, P‐Co‐Doped Carbon Structures with Embedded Pt Particles as Effective Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Abstract

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell now ranks as one of the best alternatives to fossil fuels. Two optimization techniques that have stirred up a lot of controversy include reducing the amount of precious metal Pt catalysts and boosting the kinetics of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, “template‐etching” method is used to create N−P co‐doped low‐Pt catalysts with hierarchical porous carbon nanospheres (Pt/NPC). The P atoms′ valence electrons, which serve to attach the Pt to the equally disseminated N atoms, further disperse the Pt inside the carbon nanospheres. As a result, the Pt is able to modify the electronic structure and alter the d‐band center, which raises the intrinsic ORR activity. The hierarchical porous structure of the carbon nanospheres, created by the phytic acid activation of the pores, can expose more active sites and efficiently enhance the transfer of oxygen and electrons, increasing the catalytic efficiency. The catalysts synthesized using this method had great stability, 9.87 wt % Pt concentration, and half‐wave potential of 0.832 V for acidic intermediates and 0.855 V for alkaline intermediates. Because of its entire pH ORR catalytic capabilities, this catalyst exhibits tremendous application potential for replacing conventional Pt/C catalysts.