Hierarchical structure and mechanical properties of nacre: a review

Sun, Jiyu; Bhushan, Bharat

doi:10.1039/c2ra20218b

Cited by 446 publications

(372 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…It is a brick-wall patterned composite made of aragonite tablets (a brittle mineral), surrounded by a soft organic biopolymer that "glues" them together [7]. Although nacre is made of 95% of aragonite, it exhibits a toughness of about 3000 times higher than that of aragonite [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of the impact behaviour of bioinspired nacre-like aluminium composite plates

Flores‐Johnson

Shen

Guiamatsia

et al. 2014

Composites Science and Technology

133

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Inspired by the hierarchical structure of nacre, an aluminium alloy (AA) 7075 based composite featuring layer waviness and cohesive interface is studied as a low weight impact resistant material. To investigate the mechanical response and the ballistic performance of this laminated structure, a numerical study of the proposed nacre-like composite plates made of 1.1-mm thick AA 7075 tablets bonded with toughened epoxy resin was performed using Abaqus/Explicit. Target thicknesses of 5.4-mm, 7.5-mm and 9.6-mm impacted by a rigid hemi-spherical projectile were simulated. The epoxy material was modelled using a user-defined interface cohesive element with compressive strength enhancement. A significant performance improvement was recorded for the 5.4-mm nacre-like plate (compared to the same thickness bulk plate), which was explained by the hierarchical structure facilitating both localized energy absorption (by deformation of the tablet) and more globalized energy absorption (by inter-layered delamination and friction). For a given projectile, however, the performance improvement of using the proposed composite decreased with increasing laminate thickness, which was attributed to the increased likelihood of ductile failure occurring prior to perforation in thicker bulk plates. For 5.4-mm thick plates impacted at high velocity, the nacre-like plate had a better ballistic performance than that of the plates made of continuous (flat and wavy) layers, which was attributed to the larger area of plastic deformation (observed in the nacrelike plate after impact) due to the tablets arrangement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of the impact behaviour of bioinspired nacre-like aluminium composite plates

Flores‐Johnson

Shen

Guiamatsia

et al. 2014

Composites Science and Technology

133

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“…The second category comprises "bottom-up" approaches that investigate the mechanisms of damage at the molecular scale and attempt to build a consistent picture up through larger scales. The second approach has been largely driven by research on biological materials and design of bio-inspired composites (see, e.g., Gao (2006); Baer et al (1987); Buehler (2006); Jackson et al (1988); Kamat et al (2000); Sun and Bhushan (2012); Sen and Buehler (2011)). An early attempt at linking these approaches occurs in the landmark paper of Lake and Thomas (1967), in which they proposed a scaling law for the critical energy release rate in terms of microscopic parameters, including the binding energy between monomer units and the chain network mesh size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive damage and rupture in polymers

Talamini

Mao

Anand

2018

Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids

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Progressive damage, which eventually leads to failure, is ubiquitous in biological and synthetic polymers. The simplest case to consider is that of elastomeric materials, which can undergo large reversible deformations with negligible rate dependence. In this paper, we develop a theory for modeling progressive damage and rupture of such materials. We extend the phase-field method, which is widely used to describe the damage and fracture of brittle materials, to elastomeric materials undergoing large deformations. A central feature of our theory is the recognition that the free energy of elastomers is not entirely entropic in nature-there is also an energetic contribution from the deformation of the bonds in the chains. It is the energetic part in the free energy which is the driving force for progressive damage and fracture.

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“…In the organic matrix of mollusk shells, chitin substrates with bound silk-fibroin-like proteins have an important role in regulating the morphology and lattice structure of the mineral phase (Sudo et al 1997;Sun and Bhushan 2012;Weiner and Traub 1980). Several of the attached proteins adopt antiparallel β-sheet conformations and consist of repetitive lowcomplexity domains (RLCDs) rich in glycine (Evans 2008;Jackson et al 2010).…”

Section: Mineralization and Liquid-like Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralization and non-ideality: on nature’s foundry

Rao¹,

Cölfen

2016

Biophys Rev

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Understanding how ions, ion-clusters and particles behave in non-ideal environments is a fundamental question concerning planetary to atomic scales. For biomineralization phenomena wherein diverse inorganic and organic ingredients are present in biological media, attributing biomaterial composition and structure to the chemistry of singular additives may not provide a holistic view of the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, in this review, we specifically address the consequences of physico-chemical non-ideality on mineral formation. Influences of different forms of non-ideality such as macromolecular crowding, confinement and liquid-like organic phases on mineral nucleation and crystallization in biological environments are presented. Novel prospects for the additive-controlled nucleation and crystallization are accessible from this biophysical view. In this manner, we show that non-ideal conditions significantly affect the form, structure and composition of biogenic and biomimetic minerals.

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Hierarchical structure and mechanical properties of nacre: a review

Cited by 446 publications

References 118 publications

Numerical investigation of the impact behaviour of bioinspired nacre-like aluminium composite plates

Numerical investigation of the impact behaviour of bioinspired nacre-like aluminium composite plates

Progressive damage and rupture in polymers

Mineralization and non-ideality: on nature’s foundry

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