“…The batch size was set as 20, the optimization parameters and were 0.9 and 0.99, respectively, was 10 −8 , the DOFCBAM reduction was 16, the ONB reduction was 8, the learning rate was initialized as 0.0001, and the attenuation strategy of the polynomial function as a power function was equal to 1.5. In the process of comparing the proposed method with the YAN [ 43 ], HRN [ 43 ] and AWAN [ 45 ] algorithms, all the experiments were carried out on the same hardware, programming environment and dataset.…”