Hierarchical optimisation strategy for energy scheduling and volt/var control in autonomous clusters of microgrids

Abstract

This study proposes a hierarchical optimisation strategy for the energy dispatch and volt/var control problem of a photovoltaic-battery microgrid cluster (MGC) operating autonomously. The proposed approach takes advantage of the decentralised control architecture existing in multi-microgrids (MMGs) framework by distributing the management responsibilities between the microgrid central controllers (MGCCs) and the central autonomous management controller (CAMC). In the first stage, the optimisation strategy solves a multi-temporal active power scheduling problem for the MGC based on consumption and generation forecasts. In the second stage, the reactive power and volt/var control are addressed by taking into account the medium-voltage (MV) and low-voltage levels independently. For this purpose, each MGCC computes the V(Q) capability area of operation at the boundary bus with the MV grid. Then, the CAMC performs an optimal power flow at the MV level for each time step, whose results at the boundary bus are considered in the last stage to schedule reactive power at the MGCC level. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated in a cluster of three microgrids. It keeps the modularity, interoperability and scalability characteristics of the MMG concept by clearly defining the roles and the information to be exchanged between the CAMC and the MGCC.

Risk‐averse microgrid cluster switching approach for improving distribution system characteristics considering uncertainties of renewable energy resources

“…Castro et al [12] focused on volt/var control issues of CMGs considering the medium and low voltage levels independently. In addition to voltage control, the work presented in [13] taken into consideration the frequency regulation of networked MGs by adjusting a voltage/frequency reference point for MGs, locally; then it applied the tertiary control strategy to manage the flow of power through the point of common of each MG.…”