“…At present, the catalysts used for OER on the market are mainly RuO 2 or IrO 2 related compounds. , However, their high price, difficulty in mining, and scarcity of reserves all limit their large-scale applications . Transition-metal compounds are of interest due to their high efficiency, low cost, environmental friendliness, and unique physical and chemical properties for water splitting, while high-performance electrocatalysts are crucial for energy conversion devices. ,− Especially cobalt, nickel, iron, and molybdenum based materials have been comprehensively studied. − For example, Tong et al. cleverly prepared Co-doped Ni 3 S 2 nanocones by vulcanizing a cobalt oxide nanofilm on the porous nickel foam (NF); the electrode exhibits excellent catalytic reactions, reaching an overpotential of 297 mV at a current density of 20 mA cm –2 .…”