Hierarchical Mn₂O₃ Hollow Microspheres as Anode Material of Lithium Ion Battery and Its Conversion Reaction Mechanism Investigated by XANES

Abstract

Hierarchical Mn2O3 hollow microspheres of diameter about 6-10 μm were synthesized by solvent-thermal method. When serving as anode materials of LIBs, the hierarchical Mn2O3 hollow microspheres could deliver a reversible capacity of 580 mAh g(-1) at 500 mA g(-1) after 140 cycles, and a specific capacity of 422 mAh g(-1) at a current density as high as 1600 mA g(-1), demonstrating a good rate capability. Ex situ X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectrum reveals that, for the first time, the pristine Mn2O3 was reduced to metallic Mn when it discharged to 0.01 V, and oxidized to MnO as it charged to 3 V in the first cycle. Furthermore, the XANES data demonstrated also that the average valence of Mn in the sample at charged state has decreased slowly with cycling number, which signifies an incomplete lithiation process and interprets the capacity loss of the Mn2O3 during cycling.

Morphology‐Conserved Transformations of Metal‐Based Precursors to Hierarchically Porous Micro‐/Nanostructures for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

“…In this mechanism, the numbers of M–O covalent bonds and M→OH coordination bonds are controlled by the valence and coordination numbers of the metal ion . Here, for the example of M 2+ (e.g., Sn 2+ , Mn 2+ and Pb 2+ ), the coordination number is two …”

Facile fabrication of coaxial-cable like Mn 2 O 3 nanofiber by electrospinning: Application as electrode material for supercapacitor

“…Amongst them, Mn 2 O 3 exhibits distinctive chemical and physical properties [26] . Recently, Mn 2 O 3 nanomaterials have attracted great attention as the electrode materials for Li-ion battery [27][28][29][30] . However, the Mn 2 O 3 nanomaterial as the electrode material for supercapacitor, especially in alkaline electrolyte, is received much less attention.…”

“…To date, Mn 2 O 3 materials with different structures have been prepared by different approaches including solvent-thermal method [29] , thermal decomposition [31] , template method [32] and electrospinning [33] . Just as we discussed above, electrospinning technique is a very facile and novel method to prepare 1D nanomaterials.…”

K2Mn4O8/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites for Excellent Lithium Storage and Adsorption of Lead Ions

“…Sun et al. reported Mn 2 O 3 with porous hollow and hierarchical structures, retaining a reversible capacity of 580 mA h g −1 at 500 mA g −1 after 140 cycles . Kong et al.…”

“…[14] Sun et al reported Mn 2 O 3 with poroush ollow and hierarchicals tructures, retainingareversible capacity of 580 mA hg À1 at 500 mA g À1 after 140 cycles. [15] Kong et al anchored MnCO 3 nanoparticles on RGO sheets by ah ydrothermal reduction process, and the resultant nanocomposite ex-hibited ah igh specific capacity of up to 857 mA hg À1 after 100 cycles. [16] To date, the electrochemical properties of layered manganese compounds, such as manganese silicate and KMO, are rarely reported as anode materials of LIBs.…”