“…The unique nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, 18,19 nanotubes, 12,20 and nanoflakes, 21,22 provide a short transport path for ion, a high active contact area and an effective buffer during chargedischarge process. 23 Another strategy is to combine these nanostructures with conductive materials including carbon-based materials 17,24 and conducting polymers 16,[25][26][27] . However, carbon coatings, which are realized usually by thermal decomposition of carbon precursors, usually cause environmental problems because of the formation of volatile organic compounds, CO and CO 2 , and sometimes lead to the inferior reconstruction of materials.…”