alternatives to noble metal-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). [2] Since the discovery of the highly active nature of the edge sites (hydrogen adsorption free energy on edge sites of MoS 2 is 0.06 eV), [3] enormous efforts have been made to fabricate MoS 2 nanostructures with maximized edge sites. [4][5][6] However, the HER performance of MoS 2 is still far from being satisfactory, mainly due to the limited exposure of active sites in the inert basal plane and significant mobility reduction of carriers. [4] To boost the HER activity, it is therefore desirable to activate the basal plane and enhance the conductivity. The phase transformation from 2H to the conductive 1T provides a new pathway to dramatically enhance the HER activity for TMDs, but this phase transition strategy generally requires critical condition and the metallic 1T-phase is thermodynamically less stable than the semiconducting 2H phase. [7] Very recently, nanomaterials with highly curved surfaces have been proved effective in energy-related reactions benefited from the inherent tensile strain and enhanced local electric field. [8][9][10] Introducing tensile strain into MoS 2 can favor the generation of sulfur vacancies as active sites to unlock the inert plane. [11] However, the tensile strain in TMDs, which is usually inherited from deformed flexible substrates or patterned rigid substrates via mechanical transfer process, is distributed in the uniaxial direction. The uniaxial strain generated in this way is insufficient to tune the S vacancies and also not applicable to nanostructured catalysts. [12][13][14] In addition, the layer number also influences their electronic structure and subsequently the catalytic performance. [15][16][17][18] In fact, the catalyst reactions take place primarily at the outer layer of TMDs due to the difficulty in electron and reactive ion transport from the surface to the inner space. [16,17] For example, Cao group demonstrated that the HER catalytic activity of MoS 2 atomically thin films decreases by a factor of ≈4.47 for the addition of each layer because of increased charge transfer barrier. [17] Another work shows that the optical band gap of MoS 2 is approximately linear with strain, ≈45 meV % −1 strain for monolayer MoS 2 and ≈120 meV % −1 strain for bilayer MoS 2 , demonstrating that bilayer is more sensitive to the tensile strain than the monolayer. [19] So far, there has been no report on biaxially strained MoS 2 with accurate atomic layers and the effect to catalytic activity.Apart from the efforts of activating the basal plane, enhancing the electronic conductivity of TMDs is also mandatory for the Strain in layered transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is a type of effective approach to enhance the catalytic performance by activating their inert basal plane. However, compared with traditional uniaxial strain, the influence of biaxial strain and the TMD layer number on the local electronic configuration remains unexplored. Herein, via a new in situ self-vulcanization st...