Hierarchical columnar silicon anode structures for high energy density lithium sulfur batteries

Piwko, Markus; Kuntze, Thomas; Winkler, Sebastian; Straach, Steffen; Härtel, Paul; Althues, Holger; Kaskel, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.03.080

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Several lithium ion host materials like carbons [177][178][179][180][181], Ge [182], Si [183][184][185][186][187] or Si/carbon composites [175,[188][189][190][191][192][193][194], pre-lithiated before cell assembling, are reported as alternative negative electrode materials for the replacement of metallic Li in sulphur cells. Within these reports, mainly two different techniques for the pre-lithiation of the negative electrode were used, namely the electrochemical pre-lithiation and the direct contact to Li metal, as already described above.…”

Section: Pre-lithiation Of the Negative Electrode-charged Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Lithiation Strategies for Rechargeable Energy Storage Technologies: Concepts, Promises and Challenges

et al. 2018

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Abstract:In order to meet the sophisticated demands for large-scale applications such as electro-mobility, next generation energy storage technologies require advanced electrode active materials with enhanced gravimetric and volumetric capacities to achieve increased gravimetric energy and volumetric energy densities. However, most of these materials suffer from high 1st cycle active lithium losses, e.g., caused by solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation, which in turn hinder their broad commercial use so far. In general, the loss of active lithium permanently decreases the available energy by the consumption of lithium from the positive electrode material. Pre-lithiation is considered as a highly appealing technique to compensate for active lithium losses and, therefore, to increase the practical energy density. Various pre-lithiation techniques have been evaluated so far, including electrochemical and chemical pre-lithiation, pre-lithiation with the help of additives or the pre-lithiation by direct contact to lithium metal. In this review article, we will give a comprehensive overview about the various concepts for pre lithiation and controversially discuss their advantages and challenges. Furthermore, we will critically discuss possible effects on the cell performance and stability and assess the techniques with regard to their possible commercial exploration.

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Section: Pre-lithiation Of the Negative Electrode-charged Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Lithiation Strategies for Rechargeable Energy Storage Technologies: Concepts, Promises and Challenges

et al. 2018

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“…The galvanostatic characteristics of the resulting lithiated Si–sulfur cell with ether‐based electrolyte were similar to those of the equivalent Li–S half‐cell with slightly lower cell voltage, showing the potential of Si thin‐film anodes for using in lithium‐ion–sulfur batteries. Kaskel and co‐workers reported pulsed laser structuring to fabricate hierarchical columnar Si films with outstanding high areal capacities of up to 7.5 mAh cm −2 and good capacity retention . A pulsed laser was used to partially ablate Si from the electrode, creating free space between the columnar islands to accommodate the Si volume expansion.…”

Section: Anode Architecture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Introducing a fluorinated ether solvent markedly improved the electrochemical performance of lithiated Si–S batteries because of the relatively low solubility of long‐chain polysulfides. [146b] Hassoun and co‐workers constructed a thin film containing Si, O, and C by an electrodeposition method. [141c] The thin film ranged between 500 and 650 nm thick and an amorphous Si content of about 60 wt%.…”

Section: Anode Architecture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anode Interface Engineering and Architecture Design for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

et al. 2019

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“…[ 17,18 ] With hierarchical structuring of col‐Si films, areal capacities up to 7.5 mAh cm −2 with ICE over 90% have been already achieved. [ 19 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling High‐Energy Solid‐State Batteries with Stable Anode Interphase by the Use of Columnar Silicon Anodes

Cangaz

Hippauf

Reuter

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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All‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) with silicon anodes are promising candidates to overcome energy limitations of conventional lithium‐ion batteries. However, silicon undergoes severe volume changes during cycling leading to rapid degradation. In this study, a columnar silicon anode (col‐Si) fabricated by a scalable physical vapor deposition process (PVD) is integrated in all‐solid‐state batteries based on argyrodite‐type electrolyte (Li6PS5Cl, 3 mS cm−1) and Ni‐rich layered oxide cathodes (LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2, NCM) with a high specific capacity (210 mAh g−1). The column structure exhibits a 1D breathing mechanism similar to lithium, which preserves the interface toward the electrolyte. Stable cycling is demonstrated for more than 100 cycles with a high coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.7–99.9% in full cells with industrially relevant areal loadings of 3.5 mAh cm−2, which is the highest value reported so far for ASSB full cells with silicon anodes. Impedance spectroscopy revealed that anode resistance is drastically reduced after first lithiation, which allows high charging currents of 0.9 mA cm−2 at room temperature without the occurrence of dendrites and short circuits. Finally, in‐operando monitoring of pouch cells gave valuable insights into the breathing behavior of the solid‐state cell.

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Hierarchical columnar silicon anode structures for high energy density lithium sulfur batteries

Cited by 43 publications

References 60 publications

Pre-Lithiation Strategies for Rechargeable Energy Storage Technologies: Concepts, Promises and Challenges

Pre-Lithiation Strategies for Rechargeable Energy Storage Technologies: Concepts, Promises and Challenges

Anode Interface Engineering and Architecture Design for High‐Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Enabling High‐Energy Solid‐State Batteries with Stable Anode Interphase by the Use of Columnar Silicon Anodes

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