Hierarchical carbon nanofibers@tin sulfide nanotube with sulfur‐doped carbon layer for ultrafast lithium‐storage capability

Abstract

Summary Combining a high‐capacity material possessing a core@shell structure with a carbon material is a powerful tactic for reinforcing the performance of Li‐ion battery (LIB) anodes. As an efficient and simple approach to obtain tin(II) sulfide (SnS) with ultrafast lithium‐storage capability and cycling stability, we propose the hierarchical core@shell structure of carbon nanofibers@SnS nanotubes (CNF@SnSNTs) covered with S‐doped carbon via a one‐pot carbonization by harnessing the Kirkendall effect of camphene and sulfurization of SnO2 by L‐cysteine. This hierarchical core@shell structure contains mesoporous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) that reduce the Li‐ion diffusion pathway, SnS nanotubes (NTs) that expand the active site, and a S‐doped carbon layer at the faces of the SnS NTs that promotes the electrical conductivity and inhibits volume expansion of SnS. Therefore, a CNF@SnSNT‐C7 electrode achieves superb ultrafast electrochemical performance (528.1 mAh/g under a current density of 2000 mA/g), high specific capacity (2218.2 mAh/g under a current density of 100 mA/g), and an ultrafast cycling stability of 92.9% after 500 cycles under a current density of 2000 mA/g. These performance improvements are resulted from the synergistical effect of mesoporous CNFs, SnS NTs, and S‐doped carbon layer. Therefore, CNF@SnSNT is potential anode material for LIBs having superior Li‐storage capability.

Well-dispersed fluorine-doped tin oxide nanoparticles on the one dimensional network structure of carbon nanofibers for enabling ultrafast lithium storage

“…In addition, the demand for high-performance energy storage devices used in various devices, ranging from small electronic devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, and laptops) to electric vehicles (EVs), has increased. Among the various energy storage devices, Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have received considerable attention owing to their specific advantages, such as eco-friendliness, high energy density, and long cycle life [3,4]. Owing to the explosive growth of the electric vehicle market, the demand for high-performance LIBs, the main power supply source of the EVs, is also significantly increasing.…”

“…Owing to the explosive growth of the electric vehicle market, the demand for high-performance LIBs, the main power supply source of the EVs, is also significantly increasing. However, the limited mileage and long charging time of the EVs are the most significant emerging concerns, with most models of the EVs achieving approximately 300 miles per charge and requiring fast charging up to 80% in 1 h with a power consumption of 100 kW, compared to low mileage and charging speed [4,5]. Because the fast charging of a battery rapidly decreases its life span, the current research on LIBs is focused on improving their ultrafast cycling performance.…”