Hidden Threat: The Influence of Sea-Level Rise on Coastal Groundwater and the Convergence of Impacts on Municipal Infrastructure

Habel, Shellie; Fletcher, Charles H.; Barbee, Matthew M.; Fornace, Kyrstin L.

doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-020923-120737

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…How to adapt to and mitigate the negative impact of sea level rises is a highly challenging problem for decision-makers and managers. Therefore, governments and coastal communities should be guided by advanced concepts such as land-sea coordination, a resilient coastal city, and coastal zone ecological restoration [37][38][39]. Several effective measures are as follows:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Sea Level along the South China Sea Coast Based on the Homogenized Tide Gauge Data

Li,

Mu,

You

et al. 2024

JMSE

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To estimate the changes in the annual mean sea level (MSL) and extreme sea levels (ESLs), the largest collection of tide gauge records from 10 tidal stations along the northern coast of the South China Sea (SCS) were analyzed in this study. Here, all the tide gauge records had been homogenized by a two-step process involving the detection of inhomogeneities, that is, breakpoints caused by non-climatic changes and the application of the adjustment. The study’s conclusions, based on the homogenized tide gauge records, can be summarized as follows: The instrument change and station relocation are the main causes for the identified inhomogeneities. From 1989 to 2018, the sea level along the SCS was at an average rate of 4.0 mm per year, as measured by the homogenized tide gauges. The ESLs from the nine tidal stations rose notably with interannual fluctuations, except for the XSA station. Additionally, the ESLs exhibited substantial decadal variations. The ESLs rose along the northern coast of the SCS and were accelerated at most stations throughout the whole study period, especially after the 1980s. There were significant positive correlations between the ESL and the annual MSL at most tide gauges. The MSL’s changes, especially long-term changes, play an important role in the change in ESLs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Sea Level along the South China Sea Coast Based on the Homogenized Tide Gauge Data

Li,

Mu,

You

et al. 2024

JMSE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Consequently, droughts and floods, which are manifestations of deviations from the normal precipitation regime or sea level rise, have become more severe and frequent . These alterations in hydrological patterns have had significant economic and ecological impacts on water infrastructure, necessitating an increased need for financial risk management strategies for communities and the private sector. − While insurance as a risk transfer mechanism for public financing of infrastructure has been amply studied, , the extant literature is virtually nonexistent on the financial impact of events such as droughts and floods on public debt and municipal or agency tax-free bonds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Flooding and Drought Risks on the Cost of Bond Financing for Water Utilities

Li,

Saigal,

Adriaens

2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The global water cycle has experienced significant changes due to the interplay of climate shifts and human activities, resulting in more frequent and severe droughts and floods. These shifts have started to impact the operational efficiency of water treatment and delivery systems. This, in turn, has implications for the economic performance of these assets and the climateimpacted cost of their financing through the issuing of municipal bonds. Analyzing a decade of water bond data (2009−2019), this study offers empirical evidence for the impact of flood and drought risks on bond investor demand to offset water risks. The results reveal that bond markets factored in coastal flood risks between 2013 and 2019, adjusting by 3−6 basis points (bps) per risk score unit, and riverine flood risks from 2009 to 2013, with a 5−11 basis points increase per risk score unit. These effects were primarily driven by bonds issued in the Pacific Coast and Great Plains regions, respectively. In contrast, the pricing of drought risks in the bond market followed a more nuanced pattern. Additionally, we show the channeling effects of water consumption and investor perceptions of climate change on water risk pricing in the bond market. These findings have significant implications for water risk management in the public sector as regions with heightened water risk exposure are perceived as riskier by market participants, leading to a higher cost of capital for municipalities and water agencies.

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Shallow groundwater characterisation and hydrograph classification in the coastal city of Ōtautahi/Christchurch, New Zealand

Bosserelle,

Morgan,

Dempsey

et al. 2023

Hydrogeol J

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Groundwater is present at shallow depth under many coastal low-lying cities. Despite the importance of protecting coastal urbanised areas from flooding and climate-change-induced sea-level rise, the effects of shallow groundwater fluctuations are rarely investigated. The aim of this study was to determine characteristics of shallow groundwater, including spatial and temporal trends in depths to groundwater and their relationship to natural and anthropogenic stressors. The study uses depth to groundwater measurements from a uniquely extensive and densely spaced monitoring network in Ōtautahi/Christchurch, New Zealand. Data-driven analysis approaches were applied, including spatial interpolation, autocorrelation, clustering, cross-correlation and trend analysis. These approaches are not commonly applied for groundwater assessments despite the potential for them to provide insights and information for city-wide systems. The comprehensive approach revealed discernible clusters and trends within the dataset. Responses to stresses such as rainfall events and stream flow were successfully classified using clustering analysis. The time series analysis indicated that in areas of shallow groundwater, low variation in levels occurred and this was also found using clustering. However, attributing some clusters to specific hydrogeological attributes or stressors posed challenges. The primary feature in hydrograph classification proved to be the proximity to tidal rivers and their correlation with tidal signals. These results highlight the value of using large datasets to characterise spatial and temporal variability of shallow groundwater in urban coastal settings and to assist with monitoring infrastructure planning in the face of future climate-change hazards.

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Hidden Threat: The Influence of Sea-Level Rise on Coastal Groundwater and the Convergence of Impacts on Municipal Infrastructure

Cited by 6 publications

References 82 publications

Changes in Sea Level along the South China Sea Coast Based on the Homogenized Tide Gauge Data

Changes in Sea Level along the South China Sea Coast Based on the Homogenized Tide Gauge Data

Impact of Flooding and Drought Risks on the Cost of Bond Financing for Water Utilities

Shallow groundwater characterisation and hydrograph classification in the coastal city of Ōtautahi/Christchurch, New Zealand

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