Hidden Formaldehyde in E-Cigarette Aerosols

Jensen, R. Paul; Luo, Wentai; Pankow, James F.; Strongin, Robert M.; Peyton, David H.

doi:10.1056/nejmc1413069

Cited by 515 publications

(452 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Emission factors (ng/h) of selected metals and trace elements during iQOS, EC, and CC consumption. The data corresponding to EC and CC are adopted from Saffari et al (2014 in a number of previous studies (Jensen et al 2015;Gillman et al 2016;Sleiman et al 2016).…”

Section: Aldehydesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollution and emission factors of electronic cigarettes, heat-not-burn tobacco products, and conventional cigarettes

Ruprecht

Marco

Saffari

et al. 2017

Aerosol Science and Technology

111

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The increasing popularity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and, more recently, the new "heatnot-burn" tobacco products (iQOS) as alternatives to traditional tobacco cigarettes has necessitated further documentation of and research into the composition and potential health risks/benefits of these devices. In a recent study, we compared second-hand exposure to particulate metals and organic compounds from e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes, by conducting continuous and time-integrated measurements in an indoor environment, followed by computing the emission rates of these species using a single-compartment mass balance model. In this study, we have used a similar approach to further expand our previous analyses by characterizing black carbon, metal particles, organic compounds, and size-segregated particle mass and number concentrations emitted from these devices in addition to the newly marketed iQOS. Analysis of the iQOS sidestream smoke indicated that the particulate emission of organic matter from these devices is significantly different depending on the organic compound. While polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were mostly non-detectable in the iQOS smoke, certain n-alkanes, organic acids (such as suberic acid, azelaic acid, and n-alkanoic acids with carbon numbers between 10 and 19) as well as levoglucosan were still emitted in substantial levels from iQOS (up to 2-6 mg/h during a regular smoking regimen). Metal emissions were reduced in iQOS smoke compared to both electronic cigarettes and conventional cigarettes and were mostly similar to the background levels. Another important finding is the presence of carcinogenic aldehyde compounds, including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein, in iQOS smoke, although the levels were substantially lower compared to conventional cigarettes. EDITORYifang Zhu

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Section: Aldehydesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollution and emission factors of electronic cigarettes, heat-not-burn tobacco products, and conventional cigarettes

Ruprecht

Marco

Saffari

et al. 2017

Aerosol Science and Technology

111

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“…4 In addition to nicotine, numerous toxicants and carcinogens harmful to human health have been found in ENDS solutions, including aldehydes, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, metals, tobacco alkaloids, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 1,22,23 These quantitative and qualitative studies illustrate that there are additional components in ENDS solutions that are unknown to users.…”

Section: Ends Solution Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems

Etzel¹,

Wilson²,

Balk³

et al. 2015

Pediatrics

106

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Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are rapidly growing in popularity among youth. ENDS are handheld devices that produce an aerosolized mixture from a solution typically containing concentrated nicotine, flavoring chemicals, and propylene glycol to be inhaled by the user. ENDS are marketed under a variety of names, most commonly electronic cigarettes and e-cigarettes. In 2014, more youth reported using ENDS than any other tobacco product. ENDS pose health risks to both users and nonusers. Nicotine, the major psychoactive ingredient in ENDS solutions, is both highly addictive and toxic. In addition to nicotine, other toxicants, carcinogens, and metal particles have been detected in solutions and aerosols of ENDS. Nonusers are involuntarily exposed to the emissions of these devices with secondhand and thirdhand aerosol. The concentrated and often flavored nicotine in ENDS solutions poses a poisoning risk for young children. Reports of acute nicotine toxicity from US poison control centers have been increasing, with at least 1 child death reported from unintentional exposure to a nicotine-containing ENDS solution. With flavors, design, and marketing that appeal to youth, ENDS threaten to renormalize and glamorize nicotine and tobacco product use. There is a critical need for ENDS regulation, legislative action, and counter promotion to protect youth. ENDS have the potential to addict a new generation of youth to nicotine and reverse more than 50 years of progress in tobacco control. DEFINITIONS• Secondhand aerosol: emissions from electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) that are discharged into the surrounding environment with ENDS use, both directly from the ENDS and exhaled from the lungs of the user.• Thirdhand aerosol: ENDS emissions that remain on surfaces and in dust after ENDS use, which can be reemitted into the gas phase or react with oxidants in the environment to yield secondary pollutants.

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“…11 Both propylene glycol and glycerol decompose to form carcinogens formaldehyde and acetaldehyde depending on the voltage of the battery used in the e-cigarette. 12,13 An e-cigarette consists of a catridgec ontining a liquid, an atomizer which is a vaporization chamber with a heating element and a battery. Activation of the atomizer will heat the liquid and produces a vapor to inhale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vape Till Your Nose Bleed

2017

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Abstract: Abstract: Abstract:Epistaxis although is a common presentation that seldom require surgical intervention, it is still consider as an emergency. We report a case of 26 years old gentleman with atraumatic intractable anterior epistaxis after recent history of vaping. Purpose of this case report is to highlight the flow of management of anterior epistaxis. We provide a literature review for the sequence of actions for the management of anterior epistaxis and also a discussion on association between vaping habit and epistaxis.

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Hidden Formaldehyde in E-Cigarette Aerosols

Cited by 515 publications

References 5 publications

Environmental pollution and emission factors of electronic cigarettes, heat-not-burn tobacco products, and conventional cigarettes

Environmental pollution and emission factors of electronic cigarettes, heat-not-burn tobacco products, and conventional cigarettes

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems

Vape Till Your Nose Bleed

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