Hidden Carcinoma of the Breast

Cogswell, H.D.

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1949.01240030791006

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Certain studies have recommended radical mastectomy of the ipsilateral breast if the regional lymph nodes are diagnosed with carcinoma (11,24). However, Cogwells and Czerny reported that ipsilateral mastectomy does not result in an improved prognosis for patients with ectopic breast carcinoma (25). Evans and Guyton suggested that radical or modified radical surgery offered no advantage over local excision combined with axillary dissection or radiation with respect to outcome (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and treatment of accessory breast cancer in 11 patients

Zhang

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of accessory breast cancer, and contribute valuable information regarding this rare tumour to the current literature, ultimately facilitating the development of improved treatment strategies. The present study reported the cases of 11 patients with accessory breast cancer. The patients with accessory breast cancer were admitted between January 2002 and June 2014, and the patient records were retrospectively analysed. All patients presented with a tumour that was localised in the axilla. Out of these patients, there were 8 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma and 3 patients with invasive lobular carcinoma. The follow-up periods for patients ranged between 4 and 54 months. Out of the 5 patients that experienced neoplasm metastases, 4 patients succumbed to the disease. In total, 6 patients remain alive with no evidence of disease. Accessory breast cancer is a progressive tumour, and long-term follow-up is required. A comprehensive treatment strategy may be an effective treatment option for patients; however, the optimal time at which to commence chemotherapy and the role of combined radiotherapy and endocrine therapy require additional investigation. IntroductionPrimary carcinomas of ectopic breast tissue have been reported in only a small number of cases and the axilla was the most frequent site of the primary tumor (1). Evans et al (2) reported that 71% of ectopic breast cancers were located in the axilla. Marshall et al (3) reported that 58% occurred in the axilla, 18.5% in the parasternal, 8.6% in the subclavicular, 8.6% in the submammary, and 4% in the vulvar; 94.7% of patients were women, and only 5.3% were men. Breast tissues develop from the ectodermal ridges, also known as the milk lines, on the ventral surface of the body, which extend from the axillae to the inguinal regions and end on the medial aspect of the thighs on each side of the body (4). Embryologically, ectopic breast tissue develops as a result of failed resolution of the mammary ridge, an ectodermal thickening that extends from the axilla to the groin (5). Ectopic breast tissue may appear at any site along the milk line, but it occurs most commonly in the axill; less commonly, it may appear in locations outside of the mammary ridge, including the face, middle back, buttock, posterior neck, chest, vulva, hip, posterior, flank and/or lateral thigh, shoulder and upper extremities (4,6).The diagnostic procedures and therapeutic management of accessory breast carcinoma are not definitively established. The present study aimed to perform an analysis of a series of patients with accessory breast cancer that were treated exclusively with combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as to review the medical literature with regard to the clinical features, treatment methods and prognosis of this disease. The present study reports 11 such cases, with the goal of contributing valuable information about this unusual tumour to the current literat...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and treatment of accessory breast cancer in 11 patients

Zhang

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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“…Some authors recommend ipsilateral radical mastectomy as the surgical treatment of choice. However, Cogswell and Czerny [9] argued that there is no difference in the recurrence rate between radical mastectomy and local excision with axillary dissection, insisting that local excision with axillary node dissection is the treatment of choice. Evans and Guyton [1] are also opposed to the benefit of mastectomy over ax-illary dissection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Arising from Ectopic Breast Tissue in Axilla: A Case Report

Heo

2014

J Breast Dis

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Primary carcinoma of ectopic breast tissue is rare. We present a 57-year-old female patient with a large erythematous bulging mass in the right axilla. Imaging studies did not reveal any other lesions except for the one detected in the right axilla. Wide excision with axillary lymph node dissection was performed. The pathology report revealed a poorly differentiated carcinoma with no surrounding lymphoid tissue or lymphovascular infiltration or noncancerous breast tissue. We think that in our case the tumor was probably derived from a primary carcinoma of ectopic breast tissue rather than from a metastatic tumor or occult breast cancer. One year later, the patient presented with a local recurrence at the ipsilateral breast. Mastectomy with chemotherapy was performed. After three cycles of chemotherapy, imaging studies revealed distant metastases. This case report and literature review describe the characteristics of ectopic breast cancer in the axilla and reflects on which initial management strategy is appropriate.

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Occult Carcinoma of Breast

Gershon-Cohen¹

1955

AMA Arch Surg

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Hidden Carcinoma of the Breast

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Diagnosis and treatment of accessory breast cancer in 11 patients

Diagnosis and treatment of accessory breast cancer in 11 patients

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Arising from Ectopic Breast Tissue in Axilla: A Case Report

Occult Carcinoma of Breast

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