Hibiscus sabdariffa extract as anti-aging supplement through its antioxidant and anti-obesity activities

Abstract

Introduction: Imbalance between total energy intake and expenditure causes accumulation of excess fat and sugar in the body which leads to development of diabetes mellitus type II, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. These harmful diseases accelerate aging and cause fatal metabolic disorders as people age. Inhibition of pancreatic lipase, and alpha glucosidase digestive enzymes is a step that can reduce excess fat and sugar from the body, which is an essential component of healthy aging.
 Methodology: In this study, aqueous and 50% ethanolic extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa were investigated for their inhibitory activities on pancreatic lipase and alpha-glucosidase, in addition to their antioxidant activities (using UV-vis spectrophotometer).
 Results: Both extracts displayed antioxidant properties, indicated by IC50 of 5166.80 mg/mL for H. sabdariffa aqueous extract and 2809.10 mg/mL for H. sabdariffa 50% ethanolic extract. The extracts also suppressed the activities of pancreatic lipase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes, which suggests possible antiobesity and anti-diabetic activities. H. sabdariffa aqueous extract inhibited pancreatic lipase activity with IC50 of 167.5+/-12.7 mg/mL, whereas H. sabdariffa 50% ethanolic extract inhibited the enzyme with an IC50 of 790.65+/-16.02 mg/mL. Both H. sabdariffa aqueous and ethanolic extracts also successfully inhibited alpha-glucosidase enzyme activity with IC50 949.88 +/-10.83 mg/mL, and 378.33 +/-4.20 mg/mL, respectively.
 Conclusion: Taken together, the outcome of the investigations offers the possibility of the extracts as an anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-metabolic and anti-aging agent, which can be developed into supplements for adults to prevent the occurrence of these prevalent diseases and delay the onset and effects of aging.

Synergistic Antioxidant Activity and Optimal Microwave-Assisted Extraction Condition of Caesalpinia sappan L., Hibiscus sabdariffa L., and Clitoria ternatea L. Combinations

“…The average TPC of C. sappan, H. sabdariffa, and C. ternatea from this study was 561.90, 39.14 and 48.66 mg GAE/g extract, respectively. The previous work reported the TPC of hydroethanolic and ethanolic extracts of C. sappan was 15.56 -247.83 mg GAE/g [37,41] and 544.00 -854.12 mg GAE/g [38,42], respectively, which the data from this study was in the range. However, the extraction yield of water extract in the prior work was not reported.…”

“…However, the extraction yield of water extract in the prior work was not reported. In case of H. sabdariffa, when water was used as the solvent, the extraction yield was approximately 7 -40 mg GAE/g [39,41,43,44]. Similar data were found when ethanol was used: 13.02 -27.6 mg GAE/g [39,45].…”

“…The previous work reported the TFC of the hydroethanolic extract of C. sappan of 75.18 mg QE/g [37]. According to H. sabdariffa, water extract had a TFC of 3.53 -33.3 mg QE/g [39,41], while the TFC of the hydroethanolic extract was 10.08 mg QE/g [41] and the ethanolic extract was 33.8 mg QE/g [39] or 4.98 CE/g [45]. The methanolic extract of C. ternatea had a TFC of approximately 75 mg QE/g [49].…”

“…The previous work reported the IC50 of water extract of C. sappan of 15.08 -53.61 μg/mL [50], the hydroethanolic extract of 32.37 μg/mL [37], and ethanolic extract of 2 -140 μg/mL [38,44,51]. In the case of H. sabdariffa, the IC50 values of water extract and hydroethanolic extract were 516 μg/mL [41] and 280 μg/mL [41]. According to C. ternatea, the water extract, hydroethanolic extract and methanolic extract had IC50 values of 467 μg/mL [52], 921.65 μg/mL [48] and 480 μg/mL [49], respectively.…”

Hibiscus sabdariffa in Diabetes Prevention and Treatment—Does It Work? An Evidence-Based Review

“…On the other hand, the IC 50 results for α-amylase were as follows: 40.22 ± 2898 μg/mL (ethanolic extract) and 35.81 ± 3660 μg/mL (aqueous extract) [ 84 ]. Krishnamurthy et al [ 85 ] looked at the effects of aqueous and 50% ethanolic roselle flower extracts on the ability to inhibit pancreatic lipase and intestinal α-glucosidase [ 85 ]. They proved that both extracts are inhibitors of the studied enzymes.…”