“…Saline is one of the most serious abiotic stresses that affecting plant growth and development worldwide [12]. Zhang et al found that grafting can ameliorate the inhibition of salinity on the photosynthetic capacity of Hibiscus syriacus, mainly resulting from alleviated limitations on photosynthetic pigments, photochemical efficiency, and the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle [13]. Additionally, the overexpression of the poplar WRKY51 transcription factor was found to enhance salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana, demonstrating the potential of genetic engineering for improving tree resilience [14].…”