HI responses induced by seasonal influenza vaccination are associated with clinical protection and with seroprotection against non-homologous strains

Luytjes, Willem; Enouf, Vincent; Schipper, Maarten; Gijzen, Karlijn; Liu, Wai Ming; Lubben, Mariken van der; Meijer, Adam; Werf, Sylvie van der; Soethout, Ernst C.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.060

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This may be due to past exposure of Asians to antigenically different seasonal influenza strains which did not induce cross‐reacting antibodies. Another possible explanation is that in Asia, there is lower uptake of seasonal vaccines, which can induce cross‐reactive HI responses and clinical protection against pandemic influenza [Johns et al, ; Luytjes et al, ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza A in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 2008–2010

Sam

Shaw

Chan

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Virology

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Relatively little is known about the burden of influenza in tropical countries. The seroprevalence of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009, seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 was determined in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Pre- and post-pandemic residual laboratory sera were tested by hemagglutination-inhibition. The seroprevalence of A(H1N1)pdm09 increased from 3.7% pre-pandemic to 21.9% post-pandemic, giving an overall cumulative incidence of 18.1% (95% CI, 13.8-22.5%), mainly due to increases in those <5, 5-17, and 18-29 years old. In contrast with findings from USA, Europe, and Australia, pre-existing seroprevalence to A(H1N1)pdm09 was low at 5.6% in the elderly age group of >55 years. A(H1N1)pdm09 affected almost a third of those <30 years in Kuala Lumpur. Pre-pandemic seroprevalence was 14.7% for seasonal H1N1 and 21.0% for H3N2, and these rates did not change significantly after the pandemic. Seasonal and pandemic influenza cause a considerable burden in tropical Malaysia, particularly in children and young adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza A in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 2008–2010

Sam

Shaw

Chan

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…An HAI titer of 1:40 is considered to be the threshold for seroprotection against influenza, while a 4-fold increase in HAI titers from pre-vaccination to post-vaccination is considered seroconversion[20]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antibody response to influenza vaccination is not impaired in type 2 diabetics

Sheridan

Paich

Handy

et al. 2015

Vaccine

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Background Diabetics are considered to be at high risk for complications from influenza infection and Type 2 diabetes is a significant comorbidity of obesity. Obesity is an independent risk factor for complications from infection with influenza. Annual vaccination is considered the best strategy for protecting against influenza infection and it’s complications. Our previous study reported intact antibody responses 30 days post vaccination in an obese population. This study was designed to determine the antibody response to influenza vaccination in type 2 diabetics. Methods Subjects enrolled were 18 or older without immunosuppressive diseases or taking immunosuppressive medications. A pre-vaccination blood draw was taken at time of enrollment, the subjects received the influenza vaccine and returned 28–32 days later for a post-vaccination blood draw. Height and weight were also obtained at the first visit and BMI was calculated. Antibody levels to the vaccine were determined by both ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assays. Results As reported in our previous work, obesity positively correlates with the influenza antibody response (p=0.02), while age was negatively correlated with antibody response (p<0.001). In both year 1 and year 2 of our study there was no significant difference in the percentage of the type 2 diabetic subjects classified as seroprotected or a responder to the influenza vaccine compared to the non-diabetic subjects. Conclusions These data are important because they demonstrate that diabetics, considered a high risk group during influenza season, are able to mount an antibody response to influenza vaccination that may protect them from influenza infection.

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“…Whilst traditional vaccination reduces influenza-associated mortality [13], it is least efficacious in the immunocompromised individuals who are most susceptible to complications and increased mortality [14], [15], and who include pregnant women [16]. Consequently, immunocompromised individuals make up the majority of the many thousands of annual influenza-related deaths [14], [17], which provides the rationale for passive immunotherapy as influenza prophylaxis or treatment in these individuals because additional time is not needed to generate an efficient vaccine-induced adaptive immune response [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Approach towards the Efficient and Optimal Production of Influenza-Neutralizing Ovine Polyclonal Antibodies Demonstrates That the Novel Adjuvant CoVaccine HT™ Is Functionally Superior to Freund's Adjuvant

et al. 2013

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Passive immunotherapies utilising polyclonal antibodies could have a valuable role in preventing and treating infectious diseases such as influenza, particularly in pandemic situations but also in immunocompromised populations such as the elderly, the chronically immunosuppressed, pregnant women, infants and those with chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to optimise current methods used to generate ovine polyclonal antibodies. Polyclonal antibodies to baculovirus-expressed recombinant influenza haemagglutinin from A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 H1N1 (PR8) were elicited in sheep using various immunisation regimens designed to investigate the priming immunisation route, adjuvant formulation, sheep age, and antigen dose, and to empirically ascertain which combination maximised antibody output. The novel adjuvant CoVaccine HT™ was compared to Freund’s adjuvant which is currently the adjuvant of choice for commercial production of ovine polyclonal Fab therapies. CoVaccine HT™ induced significantly higher titres of functional ovine anti-haemagglutinin IgG than Freund’s adjuvant but with fewer side effects, including reduced site reactions. Polyclonal hyperimmune sheep sera effectively neutralised influenza virus in vitro and, when given before or after influenza virus challenge, prevented the death of infected mice. Neither the age of the sheep nor the route of antigen administration appeared to influence antibody titre. Moreover, reducing the administrated dose of haemagglutinin antigen minimally affected antibody titre. Together, these results suggest a cost effective way of producing high and sustained yields of functional ovine polyclonal antibodies specifically for the prevention and treatment of globally significant diseases.

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HI responses induced by seasonal influenza vaccination are associated with clinical protection and with seroprotection against non-homologous strains

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Seroprevalence of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza A in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 2008–2010

Seroprevalence of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza A in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in 2008–2010

The antibody response to influenza vaccination is not impaired in type 2 diabetics

An Empirical Approach towards the Efficient and Optimal Production of Influenza-Neutralizing Ovine Polyclonal Antibodies Demonstrates That the Novel Adjuvant CoVaccine HT™ Is Functionally Superior to Freund's Adjuvant

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