HHV-8-associated multicentric Castleman disease with hemophagocytic syndrome in an HIV-infected patient: A case report

Abstract

Multicentric Castleman's disease is a rare condition in HIV-infected patients that poses several difficulties in terms of diagnosis and treatment. The association of Multicentric Castleman's disease with the hemophagocytic syndrome is even less common and worsens the prognosis. Here we report a case of an HIV-infected patient with low-grade fever and pulmonary involvement with polyadenopathies diagnosed as multicentric Castleman's disease associated with the hemophagocytic syndrome, successfully treated with the combination of rituximab and etoposide.